{{QBDLDATE:07-31-2022}} {{QBDLTIME:23:41:31}} The [[COLOR]] statement is used to change the foreground and background colors for printing text. {{PageSyntax}} : [[COLOR]] [{{Parameter|foreground&}}][, {{Parameter|background&}}] {{PageDescription}} * {{Parameter|background&}} colors are available in all QB64 color SCREEN modes. * [[SCREEN]] mode 10 has only 3 white foreground attributes including flashing. * To change the {{Parameter|background&}} color only, use a comma and the desired color. Ex: [[COLOR]] , {{Parameter|background&}} * Graphic drawing statements like [[PSET]], [[PRESET]], [[LINE]], etc, also use the colors set by the [[COLOR]] statement if no color is passed when they are called. * The [[$COLOR]] metacommand adds named color constants for both text and 32-bit modes. ==Screen Mode Attributes== * '''SCREEN 0''' {{Parameter|background&}} colors 0 to 7 can be changed each text character without affecting other text. Use [[CLS]] after a background color statement to create a fullscreen background color. 64 [[DAC]] hues with 16 high intensity blinking foreground (16 to 31) color attributes. See [[_BLINK]]. ** See example 7 below for more SCREEN 0 background colors. * '''SCREEN 1''' has '''4 background color attributes''': 0 = black, 1 = blue, 2 = green, 3 = grey. White foreground color only. * '''SCREEN 2''' is '''monochrome''' with white forecolor and black background. * '''SCREEN 7''' can use 16 ([[DAC]]) colors with background colors. RGB settings can be changed in colors 0 to 7 using [[_PALETTECOLOR]]. * '''SCREEN 8''' has 16 color attributes with 16 background colors. * '''SCREEN 9''' can use up to 64 [[DAC]] color hues in 16 color attributes with background colors assigned to attribute 0 with a [[_PALETTECOLOR]] swap. RGB settings can be changed in colors 0 to 5 and 7 using [[_PALETTECOLOR]]. * '''SCREEN 10''' has '''only 4 color attributes''' with black background. COLOR 0 = black, 1 = grey, 2 = flash white and 3 = bright white. * '''SCREEN 11''' is '''monochrome''' with white forecolor and a black background. * '''SCREEN 12''' can use 16 color attributes with a black background. 256K possible RGB color hues. Background colors can be used with QB64. * '''SCREEN 13''' can use 256 color attributes with a black background. 256K possible RGB hues. * [[PALETTE]] swaps can be made in SCREEN 7 and 9 only. Those screens were [[DAC]] screen modes in QBasic. * [[_DEST]] can be used to set the destination page or image to color using '''QB64'''. * [[_DEFAULTCOLOR]] returns the current color being used on an image or screen page handle. ===24/32-Bit colors using QB64=== * Pixel color intensities for red, green, blue and alpha range from 0 to 255 when used with [[_RGB]], [[_RGBA]], [[_RGB32]] and [[RGBA32]]. * Combined RGB function values returned are [[LONG]] values. '''Blue intensity values may be cut off using [[SINGLE]] variables.''' * [[_ALPHA]] transparency values can range from 0 as transparent up to 255 which is fully opaque. * [[_CLEARCOLOR]] can also be used to set a color as transparent. * Colors can be mixed by using [[_BLEND]] (default) in 32-bit screen modes. [[_DONTBLEND]] disables blending. * '''NOTE: Default 32-bit backgrounds are clear black or [[_RGBA]](0, 0, 0, 0). Use [[CLS]] to make the black opaque.'''

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==RGB Palette Intensities== RGB intensity values can be converted to hexadecimal values to create the [[LONG]] [[_PALETTECOLOR]] value in non-32-bit screens: {{CodeStart}} {{Cl|SCREEN}} 12 alpha$ = "FF" 'solid alpha colors only {{Cl|PRINT}} "Attribute = Hex value Red Green Blue " {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Cl|COLOR}} 7 {{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} attribute = 1 {{Cl|TO}} 15 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C7, attribute 'set color attribute to read red$ = {{Cl|HEX$}}({{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9) * 4) 'convert port setting to 32 bit values grn$ = {{Cl|HEX$}}({{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9) * 4) blu$ = {{Cl|HEX$}}({{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9) * 4) {{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} {{Cl|LEN}}(red$) = 1 {{Cl|THEN}} red$ = "0" + red$ '2 hex digits required {{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} {{Cl|LEN}}(grn$) = 1 {{Cl|THEN}} grn$ = "0" + grn$ 'for low or zero hex values {{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} {{Cl|LEN}}(blu$) = 1 {{Cl|THEN}} blu$ = "0" + blu$ hex32$ = "{{Cl|&H}}" + alpha$ + red$ + grn$ + blu$ {{Cl|_PALETTECOLOR}} attribute, {{Cl|VAL}}(hex32$) 'VAL converts hex string to a LONG 32 bit value {{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} attribute {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|COLOR}} attribute 'exclude black color print {{Cl|PRINT}} "{{Cl|COLOR}}" + {{Cl|STR$}}(attribute) + " = " + hex32$, red$, grn$, blu$ 'returns closest attribute {{Cl|NEXT}} {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}}Attribute Hex value Red Green Blue {{text|COLOR 1 = &HFF0000A8 00 00 A8|#0050A8}} {{text|COLOR 2 = &HFF00A800 00 A8 00|#00A800}} {{text|COLOR 3 = &HFF00A8A8 00 A8 A8|#00A8A8}} {{text|COLOR 4 = &HFFA80000 A8 00 00|#A80000}} {{text|COLOR 5 = &HFFA800A8 A8 00 A8|#A800A8}} {{text|COLOR 6 = &HFFA85400 A8 54 00|#A85400}} {{text|COLOR 7 = &HFFA8A8A8 A8 A8 A8|#A8A8A8}} {{text|COLOR 8 = &HFF545454 54 54 54|#545454}} {{text|COLOR 9 = &HFF5454FC 54 54 FC|#5454FC}} {{text|COLOR 10 = &HFF54FC54 54 FC 54|#54FC54}} {{text|COLOR 11 = &HFF5454FC 54 FC FC|#54FCFC}} {{text|COLOR 12 = &HFFFC5454 FC 54 54|#FC5454}} {{text|COLOR 13 = &HFFFC54FC FC 54 FC|#FC54FC}} {{text|COLOR 14 = &HFFFCFC54 FC FC 54|#FCFC54}} {{text|COLOR 15 = &HFFFCFCFC FC FC FC|#FCFCFC}} {{OutputEnd}} :''Explanation:'' The RGB intensity values are multiplied by 4 to get the [[_RGB]] intensity values as [[HEX$|hexadecimal]] values. The individual 2 digit [[HEX$]] intensity values can be added to "&HFF" to make up the 32-bit hexadecimal string value necessary for [[VAL]] to return to [[_PALETTECOLOR]]. The statement is only included in the example to show how that can be done with any 32-bit color value. ===Read & write color port intensities with [[INP]] & [[OUT]]=== * Legacy code may use [[INP]] and [[OUT]] to read or set color port intensities. '''QB64''' emulates VGA memory to maintain compatibility. * The same can be achieved using [[_PALETTECOLOR]] ('''recommended practice'''). :'''{{text|OUT &H3C7, attribute|green}}''' 'Set port to read RGB settings with: :'''{{text|color_intensity = INP(&H3C9)|green}}''' 'reads present intensity setting :'''{{text|OUT &H3C8, attribute|green}}''' 'Set port to write RGB settings with: :'''{{text|OUT &H3C9, color_intensity|green}}''' 'writes new intensity setting * After every 3 reads or writes, changes to next higher color attribute. Loops can be used to set more than one attribute's intensities. * Color port setting of red, green and blue intensities can be done in ascending order. * Color port attribute intensity values range from 0 to 63 (1/4 of the 32-bit values) in QBasic's legacy 4 and 8 bit screen modes.

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{{PageExamples}} ''Example 1:'' Reading the default RGB color settings of color attribute 15. {{CodeStart}} {{Cl|OUT}} &H3C7, 15 red% = {{Cl|INP}}(&H3C9) green% = {{Cl|INP}}(&H3C9) blue% = {{Cl|INP}}(&H3C9) {{Cl|PRINT}} red%, green%, blue% {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}} 63 63 63 {{OutputEnd}} ''Example 2:'' Changing the color settings of attribute 0 (the background) to blue in [[SCREEN]]s 12 or 13. {{CodeStart}} {{Cl|SCREEN}} 12 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, 0 'set color port attribute to write {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 'red intensity {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 'green intensity {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 42 'blue intensity {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C7, 0 {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9); {{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9); {{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9) {{Cl|END}} {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStartBG1}} 0 0 42 {{OutputEnd}} ''Example 3:'' Printing in fullscreen SCREEN 0 mode with a color background under the text only. {{CodeStart}} {{Cl|SCREEN}} 0: {{Cl|_FULLSCREEN}} ' used for fullscreen instead of window {{Cl|COLOR}} 14, 6: {{Cl|LOCATE}} 4, 4: {{Cl|PRINT}} "Hello!" {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}} {{Ot|Hello!|#fcfc54|#aa5500}} {{OutputEnd}} ''Example 4:'' Using [[CLS]] after setting the background color in SCREEN 0 to make the color cover the entire screen. {{CodeStart}} {{Cl|SCREEN}} 0: {{Cl|_FULLSCREEN}} {{Cl|COLOR}} , 7: {{Cl|CLS}} {{Cl|COLOR}} 9: {{Cl|PRINT}} "Hello" {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStartBG7}} {{Text|Hello|#5454fc}} {{OutputEnd}} ''Example 5:'' Using a different foreground color for each letter: {{CodeStart}} {{Cl|SCREEN}} 0 {{Cl|COLOR}} 1: {{Cl|PRINT}} "H"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 3: {{Cl|PRINT}} "E"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 4: {{Cl|PRINT}} "L"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 5: {{Cl|PRINT}} "L"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 6: {{Cl|PRINT}} "O" {{Cl|COLOR}} 9: {{Cl|PRINT}} "W"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 11: {{Cl|PRINT}} "O"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 12: {{Cl|PRINT}} "R"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 13: {{Cl|PRINT}} "L"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 14: {{Cl|PRINT}} "D" {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}} {{text|H|#0000aa}}{{text|E|#00aaaa}}{{text|L|#aa0000}}{{text|L|#aa00aa}}{{text|O|#aa5500}} {{text|W|#5454fc}}{{text|O|#54fcfc}}{{text|R|#fc5454}}{{text|L|#fc54fc}}{{text|D|#fcfc54}} {{OutputEnd}} {{PageSeeAlso}} * [[$COLOR]] (metacommand) * [[_RGB]], [[_RGBA]], [[_RGB32]], [[RGBA32]]. * [[_RED]], [[_GREEN]], [[_BLUE]] * [[_RED32]], [[_GREEN32]], [[_BLUE32]] * [[_ALPHA]], [[_ALPHA32]], [[_CLEARCOLOR]] * [[PRINT]], [[LOCATE]], [[SCREEN]] * [[POINT]], [[SCREEN (function)]] * [[OUT]], [[INP]], [[PALETTE]] * [[_BLINK]] * [[_DEFAULTCOLOR]] * [[_BACKGROUNDCOLOR]] * [[_PALETTECOLOR]] * [[Windows_Libraries#Color_Dialog_Box|Color Dialog Box]] * [http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_colornames.asp Hexadecimal Color Values] {{PageNavigation}}