The {{KW|COLOR}} statement is used to change the color of text and background in some [[SCREEN]] modes. {| align="Right" | __TOC__ |} {{PageSyntax}} :{{KW|COLOR}} [{{Parameter|foreground%}}][, {{Parameter|background%}}] * ''Background'' colors are available in SCREEN modes 0, 1, 7, 8 and 9 only. * [[SCREEN]] mode 10 has only 3 white foreground attributes including flashing. * [[SCREEN]] modes 12 and 13 can use the foreground parameter only! Background color 0 can be changed using [[OUT]]. * '''[[SCREEN]] modes 2 and 11 cannot use the COLOR keyword as they are monochrome with white foreground!''' * An [[ERROR Codes|illegal function error]] will occur if a background color is used in other screen modes! * To change the ''background'' color only, use a comma and the color. EX: COLOR ,background% ==Screen Mode Attributes== * '''SCREEN 0''' ''background'' colors 0 to 7 can be changed each text character without affecting other text. Use {{KW|CLS}} after a background color statement to create a fullscreen background color. 64 [[DAC]] hues with 16 high intensity blinking foreground (16 to 31) color attributes. QBasic windows will not flash in a window in NT, XP, VISTA or 7 (will flash in '''QB64'''). See example 7 below for more SCREEN 0 background colors. * '''SCREEN 1''' has '''4 background color attributes''': 0 = black, 1 = blue, 2 = green, 3 = grey. White foreground color only. * '''SCREEN 2''' is '''monochrome''' with white forecolor and black background. '''Cannot use the COLOR statement!''' * '''SCREEN 7''' can use 16 ([[DAC]]) colors with background colors. RGB settings can be changed in colors 0 to 7 using {{KW|OUT}}. * '''SCREEN 8''' has 16 color attributes with 16 background colors. * '''SCREEN 9''' can use up to 64 [[DAC]] color hues in 16 color attributes with background colors assigned to attribute 0 with a {{KW|PALETTE}} swap. RGB settings can be changed in colors 0 to 5 and 7 using {{KW|OUT}}. * '''SCREEN 10''' has '''only 4 color attributes''' with black background. COLOR 0 = black, 1 = grey, 2 = flash white and 3 = bright white. * '''SCREEN 11''' is '''monochrome''' with white forecolor and a black background, '''Cannot use the COLOR statement!''' * '''SCREEN 12''' can use 16 color attributes with a black background. 256K possible RGB color hues. * '''SCREEN 13''' can use 256 color attributes with a black background. 256K possible RGB hues. * [[DAC]] screens 0, 7 and 9 color changes are limited in '''Qbasic ONLY'''! * [[PALETTE]] swaps can be made in SCREEN 7 and 9 only. Those screens were [[DAC]] screen modes in Qbasic. * [[_DEST]] can be used to set the destination page or image to color using '''QB64'''. * [[_DEFAULTCOLOR]] returns the current color being used on an image or screen page handle. <center>'''24/32 Bit Colors using QB64'''</center> * Pixel color intensities for Red, Green, Blue and Alpha range from 0 to 255 when used with [[_RGB]], [[_RGBA]], [[_RGB32]] and [[RGBA32]]. * Combined RGB function values returned are [[LONG]] values! '''Blue intensity values may be cut off using [[SINGLE]] values!''' * [[_ALPHA]] transparency values can range from 0 as transparent up to 255 which is fully opaque. * [[_CLEARCOLOR]] can also be used to set a color as transparent. * Colors can be mixed by using [[_BLEND]](default) in 32 bit screen modes ONLY. [[_DONTBLEND]] disables blending. * '''NOTE: Default 32 bit backgrounds are clear black or [[_RGBA]](0, 0, 0, 0)! Use [[CLS]] to make the black opaque!''' <p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p> ==RGB Palette Intensities== <center>'''Basic's 16 Default Color Attributes (non-[[DAC]])'''</center> {{OutputStart}}{{text|  Attribute    Description     Red   Green   Blue 32 HEX HTML Name |Gold}}  0 Black 0 0 0 000000 Black {{text|  1 Dark Blue 0 0 42 00008B DarkBlue|#00008B}} {{text|  2 Dark Green 0 42 0 006400 DarkGreen|#006400}} {{text|  3 Dark Cyan 0 42 42 008B8B DarkCyan|#008B8B}} {{text|  4 Dark Red 42 0 0 8B0000 DarkRed|#8B0000}} {{text|  5 Dark Magenta 42 0 42 8B008B DarkMagenta|#8B008B}} {{text|  6 Dark Yellow 42 21 0 DAA520 GoldenRod|#DAA520}} {{text|  7 Light Grey 42 42 42 D3D3D3 LightGrey|#D3D3D3}} {{text| 8 Dark Grey 21 21 21 696969 DimGray|#696969}} {{text|  9 Blue 21 21 63 0000FF Blue|#1515FF}} {{text| 10 Green 21 63 21 15FF15 Lime|#15FF15}} {{text| 11 Cyan 21 63 63 15FFFF Cyan|#15FFFF}} {{text| 12 Red 63 21 21 FF1515 Red|#FF1515}} {{text| 13 Magenta 63 21 63 FF15FF Magenta|#FF15FF}} {{text| 14 Yellow 63 63 21 FFFF00 Yellow|#FFFF00}} {{text| 15 White 63 63 63 FFFFFF White|#FFFFFF}} '' '' {{OutputEnd}} <center>[http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_colornames.asp HTML Color Table Values and Names] or [http://www.tayloredmktg.com/rgb/#OR Other RGB colors]</center> ::: ''Note:'' '''QB64''' 32 bit color intensity values from 0 to 255 can be found by multiplying above values by 4. ''Summary:'' The red, green, and blue intensity values can be changed using {{KW|OUT}} or {{KW|PALETTE}} statements. Some '''Qbasic''' RGB color attribute values can be changed in [[DAC]] {{KW|SCREEN (statement)|SCREEN}} modes and the [[DAC]] RGB intensity settings may be different. <center></center> <center>'''Color Port access using INP and OUT'''</center> :::::::::OUT &H3C7, attribute : Set port to read RGB settings :::::::::color_intensity = INP(&H3C9) 'reads present setting :::::::::OUT &H3C8, attribute : Set port to write RGB settings :::::::::OUT &H3C9, color_intensity : Writes new settings * After every 3 reads or writes, changes to next higher color attribute. Loops can be used to set more than one attribute's intensities. * Color port setting of Red, Green and Blue intensities can be done in ascending order. * Color port attribute intensity values range from 0 to 63(1/4 of the 32 bit values) only in Qbasic 4 and 8 bit screen modes. <p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p> ==Examples:== ''Example 1:'' Reading the default RGB color settings of color attribute 15. {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|OUT}} &H3C7, 15 red% = {{Cl|INP}}(&H3C9) green% = {{Cl|INP}}(&H3C9) blue% = {{Cl|INP}}(&H3C9) {{Cl|PRINT}} red%, green%, blue% '' '' {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}} 63 63 63 {{OutputEnd}} ''Example 2:'' Changing the color settings of attribute 0 (the background) to dark blue in [[SCREEN]]s 12 or 13. {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|SCREEN}} 12 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, 0 'set color port attribute to write {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 'red intensity {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 'green intensity {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 30 'blue intensity {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C7, 0 {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9); {{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9); {{Cl|INP}}({{Cl|&H}}3C9) {{Cl|END}}'' '' {{CodeEnd}} {{CodeStart}} 0 0 30 {{CodeEnd}} ''Example 3:'' Printing in fullscreen SCREEN 0 mode with a color background under the text only. {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|SCREEN}} 0: {{Cl|_FULLSCREEN}} ' used for fullscreen instead of window {{Cl|COLOR}} 30, 6: {{Cl|LOCATE}} 12, 4: {{Cl|PRINT}} "Hello!" '' '' {{CodeEnd}} :''Result:'' Hello! is printed in flashing high intensity yellow with brown background behind text only when in Qbasic [[_FULLSCREEN|fullscreen]]. ''Example 4:'' Using [[CLS]] after setting the background color in SCREEN 0 to make the color cover the entire screen. {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|SCREEN}} 0: {{Cl|_FULLSCREEN}} {{Cl|COLOR}} , 7: {{Cl|CLS}} {{Cl|COLOR}} 9: {{Cl|PRINT}} "Hello" '' '' {{CodeEnd}} {{TextStart}}{{text|Hello|blue}}{{TextEnd}} :''Result:'' The blue word Hello is printed to a totally grey background in [[_FULLSCREEN|fullscreen]]. ''Example 5:'' Using a different foreground color for each letter: {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|SCREEN}} 0 {{Cl|COLOR}} 1: {{Cl|PRINT}} "H"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 3: {{Cl|PRINT}} "E"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 4: {{Cl|PRINT}} "L"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 5: {{Cl|PRINT}} "L"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 6: {{Cl|PRINT}} "O" {{Cl|COLOR}} 9: {{Cl|PRINT}} "W"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 11: {{Cl|PRINT}} "O"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 12: {{Cl|PRINT}} "R"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 13: {{Cl|PRINT}} "L"; {{Cl|COLOR}} 14: {{Cl|PRINT}} "D" '' '' {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}} {{text|H|darkblue}}{{text|E|darkcyan}}{{text|L|darkred}}{{text|L|darkmagenta}}{{text|O|goldenrod}} {{text|W|blue}}{{text|O|cyan}}{{text|R|red}}{{text|L|magenta}}{{text|D|yellow}} {{OutputEnd}} ''Example 6:'' Doing the same as Example 5 but in only a few lines: {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|SCREEN (statement)|SCREEN}} 0 text$ = "HelloWorld" {{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} textpos = 1 {{Cl|TO}} {{Cl|LEN}}(text$) {{Cl|COLOR}} textpos {{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} textpos <> 5 {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Cl|MID$}}(text$, textpos, 1); {{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} textpos = 5 {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Cl|MID$}}(text$, textpos, 1) 'start print on next row {{Cl|NEXT}} {{CodeEnd}} {{OutputStart}} {{text|H|darkblue}}{{text|e|darkgreen}}{{text|l|darkcyan}}{{text|l|darkred}}{{text|o|darkmagenta}} {{text|W|goldenrod}}{{text|o|lightgrey}}{{text|r|dimgray}}{{text|l|blue}}{{text|d|lime}} '' '' {{OutputEnd}} : ''Explanation:''Semicolon(;) means that the next PRINT happens on the same line, we don't want that when it comes to position 5 so when it is at position 5 the next PRINT will move to the next line (when it isn't at position 5 we want it to continue printing the letter side-by-side on the same line though). ''Example 7:'' Since SCREEN 0 only uses background colors 0 to 7 by default, use [[OUT]] to change color intensities of color 0 in QB64 only. {{CodeStart}} '' '' {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, 0 'change color 0 intensities {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 63 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 63 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 63 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, 8 'change color 8 intensities {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 {{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, 0 {{Cl|COLOR}} 8: {{Cl|PRINT}} "Black on bright white!" '' '' {{CodeEnd}} {{WhiteStart}}'''{{text|Black on bright white!|#000000}}''' {{WhiteEnd}} : ''Explanation:'' Since QB64 does not use [[DAC]] [[SCREEN]] 0 limitations, changing color intensities for custom background colors is possible. <p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p> ==References:== {{PageSeeAlso}} * [[_RGB]], [[_RGBA]], [[_RGB32]], [[RGBA32]]. * [[_RED]], [[_GREEN]], [[_BLUE]] * [[_RED32]], [[_GREEN32]], [[_BLUE32]] * [[_ALPHA]], [[_ALPHA32]], [[_CLEARCOLOR]] * [[PRINT]], [[LOCATE]], [[SCREEN]] * [[POINT]], [[SCREEN (function)]] * [[OUT]], [[INP]], [[PALETTE]] * [[_DEFAULTCOLOR]] * [[_BACKGROUNDCOLOR]] * [[_PALETTECOLOR]] * [[Windows_Libraries#Color_Dialog_Box|Color Dialog Box]] * [http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_colornames.asp Hexadecimal Color Values] {{PageNavigation}}