mirror of
https://github.com/QB64-Phoenix-Edition/QB64pe.git
synced 2024-07-26 14:25:53 +00:00
6e01fc8dce
Added new _STRCMP and _STRICMP commands for quick string comparisons. Cleaned up QB64 to finish removing the QUI (quick user insert) code and folders. Altered UCASE and LCASE routines to be faster in some situations for us.
1097 lines
78 KiB
Plaintext
1097 lines
78 KiB
Plaintext
{| align="Right"
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| __TOC__
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::::[[QB64 FAQ|Go to Frequently Asked Questions about QB64]]
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:::::[[Keyword Reference - Alphabetical|Go to Alphabetical keywords]]
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::::::'''[[Known QB64 Issues]]'''
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::::[[Keywords currently not supported by QB64]]
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:::[[Keywords currently not supported by QB64#Keywords_Not_Supported_in_Linux_or_MAC_OSX_versions|Keywords Not Supported in Linux or MAC versions]]
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::: '''The underscore prefix is reserved for QB64 _KEYWORDS only. '''
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:: Listed _KEYWORDS and un-commented $[[Metacommand]]s only work when compiled in QB64.
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:::[https://dl.dropbox.com/u/10291175/QB64OfflineWiki.7z Download the QB64 WIKI for Offline Reference (7 Zip 5MB)].
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:::: Offline WIKI Reference contributed by OlDosLover
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:If '''FireFox''' does not copy page example code correctly use another browser or:
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::::Download page: [[Mozilla FireFox Code Copy Add On]]
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:'''If code examples only display partial code, use the browser Refresh button!'''
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::For comments or suggestions about this WIKI goto the Forum:
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::::[http://www.qb64.net/forum/index.php?board=14.0 QB64 Community Development Forum].
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::Keywords beginning with an _underscore can only be compiled in QB64.
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::::[[Main Page|Main Page with Appendix and Tutorials]]
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== [[Arrays|Array]] and Data Storage: ==
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<center>'''Arrays in Memory'''</center>
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* [[_DEFINE]] (statement) {{text|defines a range of untyped variable names according to their first character as a datatype.}}
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* [[_PRESERVE]] ([[REDIM]] option) {{text|preserves the existing element values when an array is resized.}}
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* [[CLEAR]] (statement) {{text|resets all variable values and array element values to 0 or null [[STRING|strings]] and closes all open files.}}
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* [[DIM]] (statement) {{text|dimensions(sizes) a [[STATIC|static]] array and defines the type.}}
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* [[$DYNAMIC]] (metacommand) {{text|defines that all arrays are dynamic or changeable in size.}}
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* [[ERASE]] (array statement) {{text|clears a [[STATIC|static]] array of all values and totally removes a [[$DYNAMIC|dynamic]] array.}}
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* [[LBOUND]] (array function) {{text|returns the lowest valid index (lower boundary) of an [[arrays|array]].}}
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* [[OPTION BASE]] (statement) {{text|sets the default starting index of an array to 0 or 1.}}
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* [[REDIM]] (statement) {{text|re-dimensions the number of elements in a [[$DYNAMIC|dynamic]](resizeable) [[arrays|array]] and defines the type.}}
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* [[SHARED]] (statement) {{text|designates variable values that can be shared with sub-procedures without using parameters.}}
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* [[STATIC]] (statement) {{text|defines a variable or list of variables that will retain their values after the sub-procedure is exited.}}
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* [[$STATIC]] (metacommand) {{text|defines that all arrays are static or unchangeable in size.}}
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* [[SWAP]] (statement) {{text|trades the values of two numerical or string values or array elements.}}
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* [[UBOUND]] (array function) {{text|returns the highest valid index (upper boundary) of an [[arrays|array]].}}
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<center>See also: [[Arrays]]</center>
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<center>'''Fixed Program DATA'''</center>
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* [[DATA]] (statement) {{text|creates a field of built-in program data values separated by commas.}}
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* [[READ]] (statement) {{text|reads the DATA from the data field sequentially.}}
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* [[RESTORE]] (statement) {{text|sets the data pointer to the start of all DATA or a specified DATA field.}}
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* '''WARNING! Do not place DATA fields after [[SUB]] or [[FUNCTION]] procedures! QB64 will FAIL to compile properly!'''
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{{text| Qbasic allowed programmers to add DATA fields anywhere because the [[IDE]] separated the main code from other procedures.}}
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== [[COLOR|Colors]] and Transparency: ==
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* [[_ALPHA]] (function) {{text|returns the alpha channel transparency level of a color value used on a screen page or image.}}
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* [[_ALPHA32]] (function) {{text|function returns the alpha channel level of a 32 bit color value only.}}
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* [[_BACKGROUNDCOLOR]] (function) {{text|returns the current background color.}}
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* [[_BLEND]] (statement) {{text|turns on alpha blending for the current image or a specific one.}}
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* [[_BLEND (function)]] {{text|returns if blending is enabled or disabled for the current window or a specified image handle.}}
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* [[_BLUE]] (function) {{text|returns the palette intensity OR the blue component intensity of a 32-bit image color.}}
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* [[_BLUE32]] (function) {{text|returns the blue component intensity of a 32-bit image color.}}
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* [[_CLEARCOLOR]] (statement) {{text|sets a specific color to be treated as transparent in an image}}
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* [[_CLEARCOLOR (function)]] {{text|returns the current transparent color of an image.}}
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* [[_COPYPALETTE]] (statement) {{text|copies the color palette intensities from one image to another image or screen page.}}
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* [[_DEFAULTCOLOR]] (function) {{text|returns the current default text color for an image handle or page.}}
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* [[_DONTBLEND]] (statement) {{text|turns off alpha blending for an image handle.}}
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* [[_GREEN]] (function) {{text|returns the palette index OR the green component intensity of a 32-bit image.}}
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* [[_GREEN32]] (function) {{text|returns the green component intensity of a 32-bit image color.}}
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* [[_NEWIMAGE]] (function) {{text|prepares a custom sized program [[SCREEN]] or page surface that can use 256 or 32 bit colors.}}
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* [[_PALETTECOLOR]] (statement) {{text|sets the color value of a palette entry of an image using 256 color modes or less (4 or 8 BPP).}}
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* [[_PALETTECOLOR (function)]] {{text|returns the 32 bit attribute color setting of an image or screen page handle's palette.}}
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* [[_PIXELSIZE]] (function) {{text|returns the color depth (Bits Per Pixel) of an image.}}
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* [[_RED]] (function) {{text|returns the palette index OR the red component intensity of a 32-bit screen.}}
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* [[_RED32]] (function) {{text|returns the red component intensity of a 32-bit image color.}}
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* [[_RGB]] (function) {{text|returns the closest palette attribute index OR the [[LONG]] 32 bit color value in 32 bit screens.}}
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* [[_RGB32]] (function) {{text|returns the [[LONG]] 32 bit color value only.}}
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* [[_RGBA]] (function) {{text|returns the closest palette attribute index OR the [[LONG]] 32 bit color value in [[_ALPHA]] screens.}}
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* [[_RGBA32]] (function) {{text|returns the [[LONG]] 32 bit [[_ALPHA]] color value only.}}
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* [[_SETALPHA]] (statement) {{text|sets the alpha channel transparency level of some or all of the pixel colors of an image.}}
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* [[CLS]] (statement) {{text|clears the screen and can set the background color in QB64.}}
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* [[COLOR]] (statement) {{text|sets the current text color attribute or [[_RGB]] value to be used or background colors in some screen modes.}}
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* [[INP]] (function) {{text|returns the RGB color intensity values from color port register &H3C9 for a specific attributes.}}
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* [[OUT]] (statement) {{text|sets the color port access mode and sets the RGB color intensity values using &H3C9.}}
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* [[PALETTE]] (statement) {{text|sets the Red, Green and Blue color attribute intensities using a RGB multiplier calculation.}}
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* [[PALETTE USING]] (statement) {{text|sets the color intensity settings using a designated [[arrays|array]].}}
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* [[POINT]] (function) {{text|returns a pixel coordinate color attribute or the [[LONG]] [[_RGB]] color value of a 32 bit color.}}
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* [[PRESET]] (statement) {{text|sets a pixel coordinate to the background color or a color specified.}}
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* [[PSET]] (statement) {{text|sets a pixel coordinate a specified color or uses the current color when not designated.}}
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* [[SCREEN]] {{text|sets the screen mode of a program which may determine the number of colors available in legacy modes.}}
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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==[[Console Window]]==
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* [[$CONSOLE]] (QB64 [[Metacommand]]) {{text|creates a console window throughout the program.}}
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* [[_CONSOLE]] (statement) {{text|can be used to turn the console window OFF or ON or designate it as [[_DEST]] _CONSOLE for output.}}
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* [[_CONSOLETITLE]] (statement) {{Text|creates a title for the console window using a literal or variable [[STRING|string]].}}
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* [[$SCREENHIDE]] (QB64 [[Metacommand]]) {{text|hides the program window throughout the program until [[$SCREENSHOW]] is used.}}
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* [[_SCREENHIDE]] {{text|hides the main program window in a section of code until [[_SCREENSHOW]] is used.}}
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* [[$SCREENSHOW]] (QB64 [[Metacommand]]) {{text|displays the main program window throughout the program after [[$SCREENHIDE]] has been used.}}
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* [[_SCREENSHOW]] {{text|displays the main program window in a section of code after [[_SCREENHIDE]] has been used.}}
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* [[SHELL (function)|SHELL (QB64 function)]] {{text|executes a [[DOS]] command or calls another program. Returns codes sent by [[END]] or [[SYSTEM]].}}
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* [[_SHELLHIDE]] (function) {{text|hides a [[DOS]] command or call to another program. Returns codes sent by [[END]] or [[SYSTEM]].}}
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<center>See also: [[Console Window]] and [[C_Libraries#Console_Window|C++ Console window Library]].</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Conditional Operations: ==
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* [[AND (boolean)]] {{text|returns True if all of the arguments are True.}}
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* [[NOT]] (boolean) {{text|returns the opposite condition of an argument.}}
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* [[OR (boolean)]] {{text|returns True if one of the arguments is True.}}
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* [[XOR (boolean)]] {{text|returns True if only one of two arguments are True.}}
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{{Template:RelationalOperationsTable}}
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<center>See also: [[#Logical Bitwise Operations:|Logical Operations:]] and [[Relational Operations]]</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Definitions and Variable Types: ==
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* [[_BIT]] {` numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|values of 0 (bit off) or -1 (bit on). [[_UNSIGNED|Unsigned]] of 0 or 1.}}
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* [[_BYTE]] {%% numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|values from -128 to 127 (one byte or 8 [[_BIT]]s). [[_UNSIGNED|Unsigned]] from 0 to 255.}}
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* [[_DEFINE]] (statement) {{text|defines a range of untyped variable names according to their first character as a datatype.}}
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* [[_FLOAT]] {## numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|values offer the maximum floating-point decimal precision available using QB64.}}
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* [[_INTEGER64]] (&& numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|values -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807. [[_UNSIGNED|Unsigned]] to 18446744073709551615.}}
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* [[_MEM]] (variable type) {{text|contains read only dot elements for the OFFSET, SIZE, TYPE and ELEMENTSIZE of a block of memory.}}
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* [[_OFFSET]](%& variable type) {{text|can store any memory offset integer value when using [[DECLARE LIBRARY]] or [[_MEM]]ory only.}}
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* [[_UNSIGNED]] {~ numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|defines a numerical value as being positive only using QB64.}}
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* [[COMMON]] (statement) {{text|shares common variable values with other Linked or [[CHAIN]]ed programs.}}
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* [[COMMON SHARED]] (statement) {{text|shares common variable values with all sub-procedures and other Linked or CHAINed programs.}}
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* [[CONST]] (statement) {{text|defines one or more named numeric or string shared values which can not change in a program.}}
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* [[DEFDBL]] (statement) {{text|defines undefined variable starting letters AS [[DOUBLE]] variables instead of the [[SINGLE]] type default.}}
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* [[DEFINT]] (statement) {{text|defines undefined variable starting letters AS [[INTEGER]] variables instead of the [[SINGLE]] type default.}}
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* [[DEFLNG]] (statement) {{text|defines undefined variable starting letters AS [[LONG]] variables instead of the [[SINGLE]] type default.}}}}
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* [[DEFSNG]] (statement) {{text|defines undefined variable starting letters AS [[SINGLE]] variables instead of the [[SINGLE]] type default.}}
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* [[DEFSTR]] (statement) {{text|defines undefined variable starting letters AS [[STRING]] variables instead of the [[SINGLE]] type default.}}
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* [[DIM]] {{text|defines a variable or size a [[$STATIC|static]] array and can define the type of value it returns.}}
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* [[DOUBLE]] {# numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|an 8 byte floating decimal variable type with numerical values up to 15 decimal places.}}
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* [[INTEGER]] {% numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|a two byte variable type with values from -32768 to 32767. [[_UNSIGNED|Unsigned]] to 65535.}}
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* [[LONG]] {& numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|Integer values can be from -2147483648 to 2147483647. [[_UNSIGNED]] values to 4294967295.}}
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* [[OPTION BASE]] (statement) {{text|sets the default starting index of an [[arrays|array]] to 0 or 1.}}
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* [[REDIM]] {{text|defines and sizes a [[$DYNAMIC|dynamic]](changeable) array and can define the type of value returned.}}
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* [[SHARED]] (statement) {{text|designates variable values that can be shared with sub-procedures without using [[SUB]] parameters.}}
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* [[SINGLE]] (! numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|a 4 byte floating decimal variable type with numerical values up to 7 decimal places.}}
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* [[STATIC]] (statement) {{text|defines a variable or list of variables that will retain their values after the sub-procedure is exited.}}
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* [[STRING]] ($ variable type) {{text|one byte text variable with [[ASCII]] code values from 0 to 255.}}
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* [[TYPE]] (statement) {{text|defines variable types that can hold more than one variable type value of a fixed byte length.}}
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<center>See also: [[Variable Types|QB64 Variable Types]] and [[Libraries#C.2B.2B_Variable_Types|C++ Variable Types]]</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== [[DOS]] and OS Environment: ==
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* [[_DEVICE$]] (function) {{text|returns a [[STRING]] expression listing device names and input types of system input devices.}}
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* [[_DEVICES]] (function) {{text|returns the number of input devices found on a computer system.}}
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* [[_DIREXISTS]] (function) {{text|returns -1 if the directory folder name [[STRING|string]] parameter exists. Zero if it does not.}}
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* [[_CLIPBOARD$ (statement)]] {{text|sends [[STRING]] data to the Clipboard.}}
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* [[_CLIPBOARD$]] (function) {{text|returns the current contents of the Clipboard as a [[STRING|string]].}}
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* [[_DONTWAIT]] (SHELL action) {{text|allows the program to continue without waiting for the other program to close.}}
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* [[_FILEEXISTS]] (function) {{text|returns -1 if the file name [[STRING|string]] parameter exists. Zero if it does not.}}
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* [[_HIDE]] (SHELL action) {{text|hides the [[DOS]] screen output during a shell.}}
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*[[_LASTBUTTON]] (function) {{text|returns the number of buttons available on a specified number device listed by [[DEVICE$]].}}
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* [[_OS$]] (function) {{text|returns the Operating System of the computer a QB64 program is running in.}}
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* [[_SCREENCLICK]] {{text|simulates clicking the mouse at a position on the screen to get focus.}}
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* [[_SCREENIMAGE]] {{text|captures the current desktop screen image.}}
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* [[_SCREENPRINT]] {{text|simulates keyboard entries on the desktop.}}
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* [[_SHELLHIDE]] (function) {{text|executes a [[DOS]] command or calls another program. Returns codes sent by [[END]] or [[SYSTEM]].}}
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* [[CHDIR]] (statement) {{text|changes the program path to a new path.}}
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* [[COMMAND$]] (function) {{text|returns command line parameters sent when a program is started.}}
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* [[ENVIRON]] (statement) {{text|sets the environmental settings of the computer. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ENVIRON$]] (function) {{text|returns the environmental settings of the computer.}}
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* [[FILES]] (statement) {{text|displays a specified list of files.}}
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* [[MKDIR]] (statement) {{text|creates a new directory folder in the designated path.}}
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* [[NAME]] (statement) {{text|renames a file.}}
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* [[RMDIR]] (statement) {{text|removes an empty directory folder from the specified path.}}
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* [[SHELL]] (statement) {{text|performs a command line operation in [[DOS]].}}
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* [[SHELL (function)|SHELL (QB64 function)]] {{text|executes a [[DOS]] command or calls another program. Returns codes sent by [[END]] or [[SYSTEM]].}}
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<center>''See also:'' [[Keyword_Reference_-_By_usage#Console_Window|Console Window]] to display [[DOS]] commands.</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Error Trapping: ==
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* [[$CHECKING]] ([[Metacommand]]) {{text|turns off or on error event checking and strips error code from compiled programs.}}
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* [[_ERRORLINE]] (function) {{text|returns the actual text code line where a program error occurred.}}
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* [[ERDEV]] (function) {{text|returns an error code from the last device to create an error. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ERDEV$]] (function) {{text|returns the string name of the last device to declare an error. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ERR]] (function) {{text|returns the error code number of the last error to occur.}}
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* [[ERROR]] (statement) {{text|simulates a program error based on the error code number used.}}
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* [[ERL]] (function) {{text|returns the closest line number before an error occurred if the program uses them.}}
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* [[ON ERROR]] (statement) [[GOTO]] {{text|sends the program to a line number or label when an error occurs. Use to avoid program errors.}}
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* [[RESUME]] (statement) {{text|error statement sends the program to the [[NEXT]] code line or a designated line number or label .}}
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<center>See the [[ERROR Codes|Error Code Table]] reference.</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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==Event Trapping:==
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* [[_AUTODISPLAY]] (statement) {{text|enables the automatic display of the screen image changes previously disabled by [[_DISPLAY]].}}
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* [[_DELAY]] (statement) {{text|suspends program execution for a [[SINGLE]] value of seconds down to milliseconds.}}
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* [[_DISPLAY]] (statement) {{text|turns off automatic display while only displaying the screen changes when called.}}
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*[[_EXIT (function)]] {{text|prevents a user exit and indicates if a user has clicked the close X window button or CTRL + BREAK.}}
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*[[_FREETIMER]] (function) {{text|returns a free TIMER number for multiple [[ON TIMER(n)]] events.}}
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* [[_MOUSEINPUT]] (function) {{text|reports any changes to the mouse status and MUST be used to read those changes.}}
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* [[_SHELLHIDE]] (function) {{text|returns the code sent by a program exit using [[END]] or [[SYSTEM]] followed by an [[INTEGER]] value.}}
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* [[OFF]] {{text|turns event checking off and does not remember subsequent events.}}
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* [[ON]] {{text|turns event checking on.}}
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* [[ON COM(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when there is a value in the serial port specified. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ON ERROR]] [[GOTO]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a program error occurs}}
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* [[ON KEY(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a keypress or keypress combination occurs.}}
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* [[ON PEN]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a PEN event occurs. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ON PLAY(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when the background music queue is low. NOT IMPLEMENTED! }}
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* [[ON STRIG(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a joystick button event occurs. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ON TIMER(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a timed event occurs. QB64 can use multiple numbered timers.}}
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* [[ON UEVENT]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a user event occurs. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
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* [[ON...GOSUB]] (event statement) {{text|branches to a line number or label according to a numerical ordered list of labels.}}
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* [[ON...GOTO]] (event statement) {{text|branches to a line number or label according to a numerical ordered list of labels.}}
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* [[STOP]] {{text|suspends event checking and remembers subsequent events that are executed when events are turned back on.}}
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* [[TIMER]] (function) {{text|returns the number of seconds past the previous midnite down to a QB64 accuracy of one millisecond.}}
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* [[TIMER (statement)]] {{text|enables, turns off or stops timer event trapping. In QB64 TIMER(n) FREE can free multiple timers. }}
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* [[WAIT]] (statement) {{text|normally used to delay program display execution during or after vertical retrace periods.}}
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== File Input and Output: ==
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* [[_DIREXISTS]] (function) {{text|returns -1 if the directory folder name [[STRING|string]] parameter exists. Zero if it does not.}}
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* [[_FILEEXISTS]] (function) {{text|returns -1 if the file name [[STRING|string]] parameter exists. Zero if it does not.}}
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* [[ACCESS]] (clause) {{text|used in a networking [[OPEN]] statement to allow READ or WRITE access to files.}}
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* [[APPEND]] (file mode) {{text|opens or creates a file that can be appended with data at the end.}}
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* [[BINARY]] (file mode) {{text|opens or creates a file that can be byte accessed using both [[GET]] and [[PUT]].}}
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* [[BLOAD]] (statement) {{text|opens a binary file and loads the contents to a specific array.}}
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* [[BSAVE]] (statement) {{text|creates a binary file that holds the contents of a specified array.}}
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* [[CHDIR]] (statement) {{text|changes the program path to a new path.}}
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* [[CLOSE]] (statement) {{text|closes a specified file or all open files.}}
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* [[EOF]] (file function) {{text|returns -1 when the end of a file has been read.}}
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* [[FIELD]] (statement) {{text|creates a [[STRING]] type definition for a random-access file buffer.}}
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* [[FILEATTR]] (function) {{text|can return a file's current file mode or DOS handle number.}}
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* [[FILES]] (statement) {{text|displays a specified list of files.}}
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* [[FREEFILE]] (file function) {{text|returns a file access number that is currently not in use.}}
|
|
* [[GET]] (file I/O statement) {{text|reads file data by byte or record positions.}}
|
|
* [[INPUT (file mode)]] {{text|only [[OPEN]]s existing sequential files for program INPUT.}}
|
|
* [[INPUT (file statement)]] {{text|reads sequential file data that was created using PRINT # or WRITE #. }}
|
|
* [[INPUT$]] (function) {{text|reads a specific number of bytes from random or binary files.}}
|
|
* [[IOCTL]] (statement) {{text|sends a message to an open IOCTL compatible device. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[IOCTL$]] (function) {{text|receives messages from an open device. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[KILL]] (statement) {{text|deletes a specified file without asking for verification. Remove empty folders with [[RMDIR]].}}
|
|
* [[LINE INPUT (file statement)]] {{text|reads an entire text row of printed sequential file data.}}
|
|
* [[LOC]] (function) {{text|finds the current file location or size of a [[COM]] port receive buffer.}}
|
|
* [[LOCK]] (statement) {{text|prevents access to a file.}}
|
|
* [[LOF]] (file function) {{text|returns the size of a file in bytes.}}
|
|
* [[MKDIR]] (statement) {{text|creates a new folder in the designated path.}}
|
|
* [[NAME]] (statement) {{text|renames a file [[AS]] a new file name.}}
|
|
* [[OPEN]] (file I/O statement) {{text|opens a specified file FOR an access mode with a set reference number.}}
|
|
* [[OUTPUT]] (file mode) {{text|opens or creates a new file that holds no data.}}
|
|
* [[PRINT (file statement)]] {{text|writes text and numerical data into a file.}}
|
|
* [[PRINT USING (file statement)]] {{text|writes template formatted text into a file.}}
|
|
* [[PUT]] (file I/O statement) {{text|writes data into a [[RANDOM]] or [[BINARY]] file by byte or record position.}}
|
|
* [[RANDOM]] (file mode) {{text|opens or creates a file that can be accessed using both [[GET]] and [[PUT]].}}
|
|
* [[RESET]] (statement) {{text|closes all files and writes the directory information to a diskette.}}
|
|
* [[RMDIR]] (statement) {{text|removes an empty folder from the specified path.}}
|
|
* [[SEEK]] (function) {{text|returns the current read or write byte position in a file.}}
|
|
* [[SEEK (statement)]] {{text|sets the current read or write byte position in a file.}}
|
|
* [[UNLOCK]] (statement) {{text|unlocks access to a file.}}
|
|
* [[WIDTH]] (statement) {{text|sets the text width of a file.}}
|
|
* [[WRITE (file statement)]] {{text|writes numerical and string data to a sequential file using comma separators.}}
|
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|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
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|
|
== Fonts and [[Unicode]]: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_FONT (function)]] {{text|creates a new alphablended font handle from a designated image handle}}
|
|
* [[_FONT]] (statement) {{text|sets the current [[_LOADFONT]] function font handle to be used by [[PRINT]] or [[_PRINTSTRING]].}}
|
|
* [[_FONTHEIGHT]] (function) {{text|returns the font height of a font handle created by [[_LOADFONT]].}}
|
|
* [[_FONTWIDTH]] (function) {{text|returns the font width of a MONOSPACE font handle created by [[_LOADFONT]].}}
|
|
* [[_FREEFONT]] (statement) {{text|frees a font handle value from memory}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_LOADFONT]] (function) {{text|loads a TrueType font (.TTF) file of a specific size and style and returns a font handle value.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_MAPUNICODE]] (statement) {{text|maps a [[Unicode]] value to an [[ASCII]] character code value.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_PRINTMODE (function)]] {{text|returns the present _PRINTMODE status as a numerical value.}}
|
|
* [[_PRINTMODE]] (statement) {{text|sets the text or [[_FONT]] printing mode on a background image when using [[PRINT]] or [[_PRINTSTRING]].}}
|
|
:*_KEEPBACKGROUND {{text|(1): Text background transparent. Only the text is displayed over anything behind it.}}
|
|
:*_ONLYBACKGROUND {{text|(2): Text background is only displayed. Text is transparent to anything behind it.}}
|
|
:*_FILLBACKGROUND {{text|(3): Text and background block anything behind them like a normal [[PRINT]]. Default setting.}}
|
|
* [[_PRINTSTRING]] (statement) {{text|prints text or custom font strings using graphic column and row coordinate positions.}}
|
|
* [[_PRINTWIDTH]] (function) {{text|returns the width in pixels of the [[_FONT]] or text [[STRING|string]] that a program will print.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[PRINT]] (statement) {{text|prints numeric or [[STRING|string]] expressions to the program screen.}}
|
|
* [[PRINT USING]] (statement) {{text|prints template formatted numeric or string values to the program screen.}}
|
|
* [[WRITE]] (screen I/O statement) {{text|writes a comma-separated list of values to the screen.}}
|
|
|
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|
|
<center> See also: [[Unicode]], [[Code Pages|Unicode Code Pages]] or [[ASCII|ASCII Code Table]]</center>
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Graphics and Imaging: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_AUTODISPLAY]] (statement) {{text|enables the automatic display of the screen image changes previously disabled by [[_DISPLAY]].}}
|
|
* [[_CLIP]] ([[PUT (graphics statement)|PUT]] action) {{text|allows placement of an image partially off of the screen.}}
|
|
* [[_COPYIMAGE]] (function) {{text|function duplicates an image handle from a designated handle.}}
|
|
* [[_COPYPALETTE]] (statement) {{text|copies the color palette intensities from one image to another image or screen page.}}
|
|
* [[_DEST]] (statement) {{text|sets the current write image or page. All graphics will go to this image.}}
|
|
* [[_DEST (function)]] {{text|returns the current write destination image or page.}}
|
|
* [[_DISPLAY]] (statement) {{text|turns off automatic display while only displaying the screen changes when called.}}
|
|
* [[_DISPLAY (function)]] {{text|returns the handle of the current image that is displayed on the screen.}}
|
|
* [[_FULLSCREEN (function)]] {{text|returns the present full screen mode setting of the screen window.}}
|
|
* [[_FULLSCREEN]] (statement) {{text|sets the full screen mode of the screen window. Alt + Enter can do it manually.}}
|
|
* [[_FREEIMAGE]] (statement) {{text|releases an image handle value from memory when no longer needed.}}
|
|
* [[_HEIGHT]] (function) {{text|returns the height of an image handle or current write page.}}
|
|
* [[_ICON]] (function) {{text|places an image in the title bar using a [[_LOADIMAGE]] handle. Cannot use Icons!}}
|
|
* [[_LOADIMAGE]] (function) {{text|loads a graphic file image into memory and returns an image handle.}}
|
|
* [[_MAPTRIANGLE]] (statement) {{text|maps a triangular portion of an image to a destination image or screen page.}}
|
|
* [[_NEWIMAGE]] (function) {{text|prepares a window image or page surface and returns the handle value.}}
|
|
* [[_PIXELSIZE]] (function) {{text|returns the color depth (Bits Per Pixel) of an image.}}
|
|
* [[_PRINTSTRING]] (statement) {{text|prints text or custom font strings using graphic column and row coordinate positions.}}
|
|
* [[_PUTIMAGE]] (statement) {{text|maps a rectangular area of a source image to an area of a destination image in one operation}}
|
|
* [[_SCREENIMAGE]] (function) {{text|creates an image of the current desktop and returns an image handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SOURCE]] (statement) {{text|establishes the image SOURCE using a designated image handle}}
|
|
* [[_SOURCE (function)]] {{text|returns the present image _SOURCE handle value.}}
|
|
* [[_WIDTH (function)]] {{text|returns the width of an image handle or current write page.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[CIRCLE]] (statement) {{text|is used in graphics SCREEN modes to create circles, arcs or ellipses.}}
|
|
* [[CLS]] (statement) {{text|clears a screen page or the program [[SCREEN]]. QB64 can clear with a color.}}
|
|
* [[COLOR]] (statement) {{text|sets the current text color attribute or [[_RGB]] value to be used or background colors in some screen modes.}}
|
|
* [[DRAW]] (statement) {{text|uses a special type of [[STRING|string]] expression to draw lines on the screen.}}
|
|
* [[GET (graphics statement)]] {{text|used to store a box area image of the screen into an [[INTEGER]] array.}}
|
|
* [[LINE]] (statement) {{text|used in graphic [[SCREEN]] modes to create lines or boxes.}}
|
|
* [[PAINT]] (statement) {{text|used to color enclosed graphic objects with a designated fill color and border color.}}
|
|
* [[PALETTE]] (statement) {{text|can swap color settings, set colors to default or set the Red, Green, Blue color palette.}}
|
|
* [[PALETTE USING]] (statement) {{text|sets all RGB screen color intensities using values from an array.}}
|
|
* [[PCOPY]] (statement) {{text|copies one source screen page to a destination page in memory.}}
|
|
* [[PMAP]] (function) {{text|returns the physical or [[WINDOW]] view coordinates.}}
|
|
* [[POINT]] (function) {{text|returns the pixel [[COLOR]] attribute or [[_RGB]] value at a specified graphics coordinate.}}
|
|
* [[PRESET]] (statement) {{text|sets a pixel coordinate to the background color or a designated color.}}
|
|
* [[PSET]] (statement) {{text|sets a pixel coordinate to the default color or designated color attribute.}}
|
|
* [[PUT (graphics statement)]] {{text|statement is used to place [[GET (graphics statement)|GET]] saved or [[BSAVE]]d images stored in an array.}}
|
|
* [[SCREEN]] {{text|sets the screen mode of a program. No statement defaults the program to SCREEN 0 text only mode.}}
|
|
* [[STEP]] (relational statement) {{text|is used to step through FOR loop values or use relative graphical coordinates.}}
|
|
* [[VIEW]] (graphics statement) {{text|creates a graphics view port area by defining the coordinate limits to be viewed.}}
|
|
* [[WINDOW]] (statement) {{text|defines the coordinate dimensions of the current graphics viewport.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>'''See also: [[Bitmaps]], [[Icons and Cursors]], [[SAVEIMAGE]], [[GIF Images]]'''</center>
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Joystick and Game Controller Input: ==
|
|
* [[_AXIS]] (function) {{text|returns a [[SINGLE]] value between -1 and 1 indicating the maximum distance from device axis center 0.}}
|
|
* [[_BUTTON]] (function) {{text|returns -1 when a device button is pressed and 0 when button is released.}}
|
|
* [[_BUTTONCHANGE]] (function) {{text|returns -1 when a device button has been pressed and 1 when released. Zero indicates no change.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_DEVICE$]] (function) {{text|returns a [[STRING]] expression listing a designated numbered input device name and types of input.}}
|
|
* [[_DEVICEINPUT]] (function) {{text|returns the [[_DEVICES]] number of an [[_AXIS]], [[_BUTTON]] or [[_WHEEL]] event.}}
|
|
* [[_DEVICES]] (function) {{text|returns the number of input devices found on a computer system including the keyboard and mouse.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_LASTAXIS]] (function) {{text|returns the number of axis available on a specified number device listed by [[_DEVICE$]].}}
|
|
*[[_LASTBUTTON]] (function) {{text|returns the number of buttons available on a specified number device listed by [[DEVICE$]].}}
|
|
* [[_LASTWHEEL]] (function) {{text|returns the number of scroll wheels available on a specified number device listed by [[_DEVICE$]].}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_MOUSEMOVEMENTX]] (function) {{text|returns the relative horizontal position of the mouse cursor compared to the previous position.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEMOVEMENTY]] (function) {{text|returns the relative vertical position of the mouse cursor compared to the previous position.}}
|
|
* [[_WHEEL]] (function) {{text|returns -1 when a device wheel is scrolled up and 1 when scrolled down. Zero indicates no activity.}}
|
|
|
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|
|
* [[ON STRIG(n)]] (event statement) {{text|directs program flow upon a button press event of a game controller device.}}
|
|
* [[STICK]] (function) {{text|returns the directional axis coordinate values from 1 to 254 of game port (&H201) or USB controller devices.}}
|
|
* [[STRIG]] (function) {{text|returns the True or False button press status of game port (&H201) or USB controller devices.}}
|
|
* [[STRIG(n)]] (statement) {{text|enables, suspends or disables event trapping of STRIG button return values.}}
|
|
|
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|
|
<center> See also: [[Windows_Libraries#Game_Pad|Windows Game Pad]] or [[SDL_Libraries#Joystick|SDL Joystick]] Libraries.</center>
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Keyboard Input: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_EXIT (function)]] {{text|prevents a program user exit and indicates if a user has clicked the close X window button or CTRL + BREAK.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_KEYDOWN]] (function) {{text|returns whether modifying keys like CTRL, ALT, SHIFT, and any other keys are pressed.}}
|
|
* [[_KEYHIT]] (function) {{text|returns ASCII one and two byte, SDL Virtual Key and Unicode keyboard key press codes.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_SCREENPRINT]] (statement) {{text|simulates typing text into another OS program using the keyboard.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[INKEY$]] (function) {{text|returns the [[ASCII]] [[STRING|string]] character of a keypress.}}
|
|
* [[INPUT]] (statement) {{text|requests a [[STRING]] or numerical keyboard entry from a program user.}}
|
|
* [[INPUT$]] (function) {{text|used to get a set number of keypress characters or bytes from a file.}}
|
|
* [[INP]] (function) {{text|returns a scan code value from keyboard register &H60(96) to determine key presses.}}
|
|
* [[KEY n]] (event statement) {{text|is used to assign a "softkey" string to a key and/or display them.}}
|
|
* [[KEY(n)]] (event statement) {{text|assigns, enables, disables or suspends event trapping of a keypress.}}
|
|
* [[KEY LIST]] (statement) {{text|lists the 12 Function key soft key string assignments going down left side of screen.}}
|
|
* [[LINE INPUT]] (statement) {{text|requests a [[STRING]] keyboard entry from a program user.}}
|
|
* [[ON KEY(n)]] (event statement) {{text|defines a line number or label to go to when a specified key is pressed.}}
|
|
* [[ON PEN]] (event statement) {{text|enables event handling for a lightpen. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[PEN]] (event function) {{text|returns requested information about the lightpen device used. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[PEN (statement)]] {{text|enables/disables or suspends event trapping of the lightpen device. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[SLEEP]] (statement) {{text|pauses the program for a specified number of seconds or a until a key press.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>See also: [[Keyboard scancodes]], [[ASCII|ASCII Codes]] references or [[Windows_Libraries#Hot_Keys_.28maximize.29|Hot Keys for Windows]].</center>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
==[[Libraries]]:==
|
|
|
|
* [[_OFFSET (function)]] {{text|returns the memory offset of a variable when used with [[DECLARE DYNAMIC LIBRARY]] only.}}
|
|
* [[_OFFSET]](variable type) {{text|can be used store the value of an offset in memory when using [[DECLARE DYNAMIC LIBRARY]] only.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[ALIAS]] (statement) {{text|tells the program that you will use a different name than the name used in the Library file.}}
|
|
* [[BYVAL]] (statement) {{text|used to pass a parameter's value with sub-procedures from a Library.}}
|
|
* [[DECLARE LIBRARY]] (QB64 Only) {{text|allows the use of OS specific, SDL or C++ external library [[SUB]] and [[FUNCTION]] procedures}}
|
|
* [[DECLARE DYNAMIC LIBRARY]] (QB64 Only) {{text|declares DYNAMIC, CUSTOMTYPE or STATIC library(DLL) [[SUB]]s or [[FUNCTION]]s.}}
|
|
* [[DECLARE LIBRARY| END DECLARE]] (QB64 Only) {{text|required at the END of the block of Library declarations in QB64.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>'''QB64 also supports [[$INCLUDE]] text code file Libraries. QB64 does not support QLB Libraries or OBJ files.'''</center>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>See also: [[Libraries#C++_Variable_Types|C++ Variable Types]]</center>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Logical Bitwise Operations: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[AND]] (operator) {{text|the bit is set when both bits are set.}}
|
|
* [[EQV]] (operator) {{text|the bit is set when both are set or both are not set.}}
|
|
* [[IMP]] (operator) {{text|the bit is set when both are set or both are unset or the second condition bit is set.}}
|
|
* [[OR]] (operator) {{text|the bit is set when either bit is set.}}
|
|
* [[NOT]] (operator) {{text|the bit is set when a bit is not set and not set when a bit is set.}}
|
|
* [[XOR]] (operator) {{text|the bit is set when just one of the bits are set.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{Template:LogicalTruthTable}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Mathematical Functions and Operations: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_ROUND]] (function) {{text|rounds to the closest EVEN [[INTEGER]], [[LONG]] or [[_INTEGER64]] numerical value.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[+|+ addition operation]]
|
|
* [[-|- subtraction or negation operation]]
|
|
* [[*|* multiplication operation]]
|
|
* [[/|/ decimal point division operation]]
|
|
* [[\|\ integer division operation]]
|
|
* [[^|^ exponential operation]]
|
|
* [[MOD|MOD integer remainder operation]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[ABS]] (function) {{text|returns the the positive value of a variable or literal numerical value.}}
|
|
* [[ATN]] (function) {{text|or arctangent returns the angle in radians of a numerical [[TAN|tangent]] value.}}
|
|
* [[CDBL]] (function) {{text|closest double rounding function}}
|
|
* [[CINT]] (function) {{text|closest integer rounding function}}
|
|
* [[CLNG]] (function) {{text|closest long integer rounding function}}
|
|
* [[COS]] (function) {{text|cosine of a [[radians|radian]] angle}}
|
|
* [[CSNG]] (function) {{text|closest single rounding function}}
|
|
* [[EXP]] (function) {{text|returns the value of e to the power of the parameter used.}}
|
|
* [[FIX]] (function) {{text|rounds positive or negative values to integer values closer to 0}}
|
|
* [[INT]] (function) {{text|rounds to lower integer value}}
|
|
* [[LOG]] (function) {{text|natural logarithm of a specified numerical value.}}
|
|
* [[SIN]] (function) {{text|sine of a [[radians|radian]] angle.}}
|
|
* [[SQR]] (function) {{text|square root of a positive number.}}
|
|
* [[TAN]] (function) {{text|returns the ratio of [[SIN]]e to [[COS]]ine or tangent value of an angle measured in radians.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>See also: [[Mathematical Operations]] and [[#Logical Bitwise Operations:|Logical Operations:]] </center>
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Memory Handling and Clipboard: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_CLIPBOARD (function)]] {{text|returns the current [[STRING]] contents of the system Clipboard.}}
|
|
* [[_CLIPBOARD (statement)]] {{text|sets and overwrites the [[STRING]] contents of the current system Clipboard.}}
|
|
* [[_OFFSET (function)]] {{text|returns the memory offset of a variable when used with [[DECLARE LIBRARY]] and [[_MEM]]ory only.}}
|
|
* [[_MEM (function)]] {{text|returns _MEM block referring to the largest continuous memory region beginning at a designated variable's offset.}}
|
|
* [[_MEM]] (variable type) {{text|contains read only dot elements for the OFFSET, SIZE, TYPE and ELEMENTSIZE of a block of memory.}}
|
|
* [[_MEMCOPY]] (statement) {{text|copies a value from a designated OFFSET and SIZE [[TO]] a block of memory at a designated OFFSET.}}
|
|
* [[_MEMELEMENT]] (function) {{text|returns a [[_MEM]] block referring to a variable's memory (but not past it).}}
|
|
* [[_MEMFILL]] (statement) {{text|fills a designated memory block OFFSET with a certain SIZE and TYPE of value.}}
|
|
* [[_MEMFREE]] (statement) {{text|frees a designated memory block in a program. Only free memory once!}}
|
|
* [[_MEMGET]] (statement) {{text|reads a designated value from a designated memory OFFSET}}
|
|
* [[_MEMGET (function)]] {{text|returns a value from a designated memory block and OFFSET using a designated variable [[TYPE]].}}
|
|
* [[_MEMIMAGE]] (function) {{text|returns a [[_MEM]] block referring to a designated image handle's memory}}
|
|
* [[_MEMNEW]] (function) {{text|allocates new memory with a designated SIZE and returns a [[_MEM]] block referring to it.}}
|
|
* [[_MEMPUT]] (statement) {{text|places a designated value into a designated memory [[_OFFSET]]}}
|
|
* [[_OFFSET (function)]] {{text|returns the memory offset of a variable when used with [[DECLARE LIBRARY]] or [[_MEM]] only.}}
|
|
* [[_OFFSET]](%& numerical type) {{text|can be used store the value of an offset in memory when using [[DECLARE LIBRARY]] or [[_MEM]] only.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>'''Functions and statements using QB64's emulated 16 bit memory'''</center>
|
|
* [[DEF SEG]] (statement) {{text|defines the segment address in memory.}}
|
|
* [[FRE]] (function) {{text|returns the amount of Memory available in bytes to running programs. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[PEEK]] (function) {{text|returns the value that is contained at a certain memory address offset.}}
|
|
* [[POKE]] (statement) {{text|sets the value of a specified memory address offset.}}
|
|
* [[SADD]] (function) {{text|returns the address of a STRING variable as an offset from the current data segment.}}
|
|
* [[SETMEM]] (function) {{text|is used to increase, decrease or return the current "far heap" byte size. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[VARPTR]] (function) {{text|returns an [[INTEGER]] value that is the offset pointer of the memory address within it's [[segment]].}}
|
|
* [[VARPTR$]] (function) {{text|returns a STRING representation of a variable's memory address value}}
|
|
* [[VARSEG]] (function) {{text|returns an [[INTEGER]] value that is the [[segment]] part of a variable or array memory address.}}
|
|
|
|
<center>See also: [[Screen Memory]] or [[Using _OFFSET]]</center>
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Metacommands ==
|
|
:Metacommands are commands that affect a program globally after they are in used. Error checking can be turned [[OFF]] or [[ON]].
|
|
<center>'''QB64 [[Metacommand]]s do NOT allow commenting or [[REM]]!'''</center>
|
|
|
|
* [[$CHECKING]]:OFF/ON {{text|(QB64 only) turns event and error checking ON and OFF. ON (default) can only be used after it is OFF.}}
|
|
* [[$CONSOLE]] {{text|creates a console window throughout the program.}}
|
|
* [[$SCREENHIDE]] {{text|hides the program window throughout the program until [[$SCREENSHOW]] is used.}}
|
|
* [[$SCREENSHOW]] {{text|displays the main program window throughout the program only after [[$SCREENHIDE]] or [[_SCREENHIDE]] has been used.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center>'''Qbasic [[Metacommand]]s do not require commenting or [[REM]] in QB64!'''</center>
|
|
* '[[$DYNAMIC]] {{text|defines that all arrays are dynamic or changeable in size using [[DIM]] or [[REDIM]].}}
|
|
* '[[$INCLUDE]]: 'filename$' {{text|includes a text library file with procedures to be used in a program. Comment both sides of file name also.}}
|
|
* '[[$STATIC]] {{text|defines that all arrays are static or unchangeable in size using [[DIM]].}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Mouse Input: ==
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* [[_AXIS]] (function) {{text|returns a [[SINGLE]] value between -1 and 1 indicating the maximum distances from device center 0.}}
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* [[_BUTTON]] (function) {{text|returns -1 when a device button is pressed and 0 when button is released. 2 is the mouse center or scroll button}}
|
|
* [[_BUTTONCHANGE]] (function) {{text|returns -1 when a device button has been pressed and 1 when released. Zero indicates no change.}}
|
|
* [[_DEVICE$]] (function) {{text|returns a [[STRING]] expression listing device names and input types of system input devices.}}
|
|
* [[_DEVICEINPUT]] (function) {{text|returns the [[_DEVICES]] number of an [[_AXIS]], [[_BUTTON]] or [[_WHEEL]] event. Mouse is normally _DEVICEINPUT(2).}}
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* [[_DEVICES]] (function) {{text|returns the number of input devices found on a computer system. The mouse is normally device 2.}}
|
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* [[_EXIT (function)]] {{text|prevents a program user exit and indicates if a user has clicked the close X window button or CTRL + BREAK.}}
|
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* [[_LASTAXIS]] (function) {{text|returns the number of axis available on a specified number device listed by [[_DEVICE$]].}}
|
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*[[_LASTBUTTON]] (function) {{text|returns the number of buttons available on a specified number device listed by [[DEVICE$]].}}
|
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* [[_LASTWHEEL]] (function) {{text|returns the number of scroll wheels available on a specified number device listed by [[_DEVICE$]].}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEBUTTON]] (function) {{text|returns whether a specified mouse button number has been clicked. 3 is the mouse center or scroll button}}
|
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* [[_MOUSEHIDE]] (statement) {{text|hides the OS mouse pointer from view.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEINPUT]] (function) {{text|must be used to monitor and read all changes in the mouse status.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEMOVE]] (statement) {{text|moves the mouse cursor pointer to a designated coordinate.}}
|
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* [[_MOUSEMOVEMENTX]] (function) {{text|returns the relative horizontal position of the mouse cursor.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEMOVEMENTY]] (function) {{text|returns the relative vertical position of the mouse cursor.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSESHOW]] (statement) {{text|displays(default) the mouse cursor after it has been hidden.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEWHEEL]] (function) {{text|returns a positive or negative count the mouse scroll wheel clicks since the last read.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEX]] (function) {{text|indicates the current horizontal position of the mouse pointer.}}
|
|
* [[_MOUSEY]] (function) {{text|indicates the current vertical position of the mouse pointer.}}
|
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* [[_SCREENCLICK]] {{text|simulates clicking the mouse at a position on the screen to get focus.}}
|
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* [[_WHEEL]] (function) {{text|returns -1 when a device wheel is scrolled up and 1 when scrolled down. Zero indicates no activity.}}
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* [[CALL ABSOLUTE|CALL ABSOLUTE]] (statement) {{text|used to access Interrupt vector &H33 to work with the mouse. Functions 0 to 3 implemented.}}
|
|
* [[INTERRUPT]] (statement) {{text|used to access Interrupt vector &H33 to work with the mouse. Functions 0 to 3 implemented. }}
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<center>See also: [http://qb64.net/wiki/index.php?title=SDL_Libraries#Mouse SDL Mouse Library]</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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|
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== Numerical Manipulation and Conversion: ==
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* [[&B]] [[Binary]] {{text|base number prefix used in QB64 to represent [[_BIT]]s on as 1 or off as 0.}}
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* [[_CV]] (function) {{text|used to convert [[_MK$]] [[ASCII]] [[STRING|string]] values to specified numerical value types.}}
|
|
* [[_MK$]] (function) {{text|converts a specified numerical type into an [[ASCII]] [[STRING|string]] value that must be converted back using [[_CV]].}}
|
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* [[_PRESERVE]] ([[REDIM]] action) {{text|preserves the current contents of an [[arrays|array]], when re-dimensioning it.}}
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* [[_UNSIGNED]] {numerical [[TYPE|type]]) {{text|defines a numerical value as being positive only using QB64.}}
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* [[ABS]] (function) {{text|returns the the positive value of a variable or literal numerical value.}}
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* [[ASC]] (function) {{text|returns the [[ASCII]] code number of a certain [[STRING]] text character or a keyboard press.}}
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* [[CDBL]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical value to the closest [[DOUBLE]]-precision value.}}
|
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* [[CDECL]] (statement) {{text|used to indicate that the external procedure uses the C-language argument order.}}
|
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* [[CHR$]] (function) {{text|returns the character associated with a certain [[ASCII]] character code as a [[STRING]].}}
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* [[CINT]] (function) {{text|returns the closest [[INTEGER]] value of a number.}}
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* [[CLEAR]] (statement) {{text|clears all variable values to 0 or null [[STRING|strings]] and closes all open files.}}
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* [[CLNG]] (function) {{text| rounds decimal point numbers up or down to the nearest [[LONG]] integer value.}}
|
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* [[CSNG]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical value to the closest [[SINGLE]]-precision number.}}
|
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* [[CVD]] (function) {{text|converts [[STRING]] values to [[DOUBLE]] numerical values.}}
|
|
* [[CVDMBF]] (function) {{text|converts a 8-byte Microsoft Binary format [[STRING|string]] value to a [[DOUBLE]] precision number.}}
|
|
* [[CVI]] (function) {{text|converts 2 byte STRING values to [[INTEGER]] numerical values.}}
|
|
* [[CVL]] (function) {{text|converts 4 byte STRING values to [[LONG]] numerical values.}}
|
|
* [[CVS]] (function) {{text|converts 4 byte STRING values to [[SINGLE]] numerical values.}}
|
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* [[CVSMBF]] (function) {{text|converts a 4-byte Microsoft Binary format [[STRING|string]] value to a [[SINGLE]]-precision number.}}
|
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* [[DIM]] (statement) {{text|used to declare a variable type or dimension a [[STATIC]] array.}}
|
|
* [[ERASE]] (array statement) {{text|clears a [[STATIC]] array of all values and totally removes a [[$DYNAMIC]] array.}}
|
|
* [[HEX$]] (function) {{text|converts decimal [[INTEGER]] values to hexadecimal [[STRING]] number values. Prefix values with [[&H]]}}
|
|
* [[INT]] (function) {{text|rounds a numeric value down to the next whole number or [[INTEGER]] value.}}
|
|
* [[LEN]] (function) {{text|returns the byte size of strings or numerical variables.}}
|
|
* [[OCT$]] {{text|converts decimal numerical values to Octal [[STRING]] number values. Prefix values with [[&O]]}}
|
|
* [[RANDOMIZE]] (statement) {{text|seeds the [[RND]] random number generation sequence.}}
|
|
* [[REDIM]] (statement) {{text|re-dimensions the number of elements in a [[$DYNAMIC|dynamic]](resizeable) [[arrays|array]].}}
|
|
* [[RND]] (function) {{text|returns a randomly generated number from 0 to .9999999}}
|
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* [[SGN]] (function) {{text|returns the sign as -1 for negative, zero for 0 and 1 for positive numerical values.}}
|
|
* [[STR$]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical value to a [[STRING]] value.}}
|
|
* [[SWAP]] (statement) {{text|trades the values of two numerical types or [[STRING|strings]].}}
|
|
* [[VAL]] (function) {{text|converts number [[STRING|strings]] into numerical values until it runs into a non-numeric character.}}
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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|
|
== Port Input and Output (COM and LPT): ==
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* [[COM(n)]] (statement) {{text|used in an OPEN COM statement to open "COM1" or "COM2".}}
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* [[GET]] (file I/O statement) {{text|reads port data data by byte or record positions.}}
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* [[INP]] (function) {{text|returns a value from port hardware address. NOT IMPLEMENTED for port access! }}
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* [[LOC]] (function) {{text|finds the current file location or size of a [[COM]] port receive buffer.}}
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* [[ON COM(n)]] (event statement) {{text|branches to a line number or label when there is a value in the serial port specified.}}
|
|
* [[OPEN COM]] (statement) {{text|opens a computer serial COMmunications port.}}
|
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* [[OUT]] (statement) {{text|sends values to register or port hardware addresses. Use with care! NOT IMPLEMENTED for port access!}}
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* [[PRINT (file statement)]] {{text|writes text and numerical data to a port transmit buffer.}}
|
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* [[PUT]] (file I/O statement) {{text|writes data into a [[RANDOM]] or [[BINARY]] port by byte or record position.}}
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<center>'''See [[Port Access Libraries]] for other ways to access COM and LPT ports.'''.</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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|
|
==Print formatting==
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|
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* [[LPRINT USING]] (statement) {{text|prints template formatted [[STRING]] text to an LPT or USB printer page.}}
|
|
* [[PRINT USING]] (statement) {{text|prints template formatted [[STRING]] text to the screen.}}
|
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* [[PRINT USING (file statement)]] {{text|prints template formatted [[STRING]] text to a text file.}}
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{{PrintUsing}}
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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|
|
==Printer Output (LPT and USB):==
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|
|
* [[_PRINTIMAGE]] (statement) {{text|prints an image stretched to the size of the paper setting of an LPT or USB printer.}}
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* [[LPOS]] (function) {{text|returns the current parallel(LPT) printer head position.}}
|
|
* [[LPRINT]] (statement) {{text|prints text to an LPT or USB printer page.}}
|
|
* [[LPRINT USING]] (statement) {{text|prints template formatted [[STRING]] text to an LPT or USB printer page.}}
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<center>'''QB64 will use the default system printer selected. [[_PRINTIMAGE]] images will be stretched to the paper size setting.'''</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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|
|
== Program Flow and Loops: ==
|
|
* [[_DEST]] (statement) {{text|sets the current write image or page. All graphics will go to this image.}}
|
|
* [[_DEST (function)]] {{text|returns the current write destination image or page.}}
|
|
*[[_EXIT (function)]] {{text|prevents a user exit and indicates if a user has clicked the close X window button or CTRL + BREAK.}}
|
|
* [[_SOURCE]] (statement) {{text|establishes the image SOURCE using a designated image handle}}
|
|
* [[_SOURCE (function)]] {{text|returns the present image _SOURCE handle value.}}
|
|
* [[_SHELLHIDE]] (function) {{text|returns the code sent by a program exit using [[END]] or [[SYSTEM]] followed by an [[INTEGER]] value.}}
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* [[CALL]] (statement) {{text|sends code execution to a subroutine procedure in a program.}}
|
|
* [[CALLS]] (statement) {{text|transfers control to a procedure written in a different programming language. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[CASE]] ([[SELECT CASE]] statement) {{text|used within a SELECT CASE block to specify a conditional value of the compared variable.}}
|
|
* [[CASE ELSE]] ([[SELECT CASE]] statement) {{text|used in a SELECT CASE block to specify an alternative to other CASE values.}}
|
|
* [[CASE IS]] ([[SELECT CASE]] statement) {{text|used within a SELECT CASE block to specify a conditional value of the compared variable.}}
|
|
* [[DO...LOOP]] (loop statement) {{text|used in programs to repeat code or return to the start of a procedure.}}
|
|
* [[ELSE]] (statement) {{text|used in [[IF...THEN]] statements to offer an alternative to other conditional statements.}}
|
|
* [[ELSEIF]] (statement) {{text|used in [[IF...THEN]] block statements to offer an alternative conditional statement.}}
|
|
* [[END]] (statement) {{text|ENDs a conditional block statement, a sub-procedure or ends the program with "Press any key..."}}
|
|
* [[END IF]] (IF statement end) {{text|ENDs an IF statement block.}}
|
|
* [[ERROR]] (error statement) {{text|used to simulate an error in a program.}}
|
|
* [[EXIT]] (statement) {{text|exits a loop, function or sub-procedure early.}}
|
|
* [[FOR...NEXT]] (statement) {{text|a counter loop procedure that repeats code a specified number of times.}}
|
|
* [[GOSUB]] (statement) {{text|send the program to a designated line label procedure in the main module or a [[SUB]] procedure.}}
|
|
* [[GOTO]] (statement) {{text|sends the program to a designated line number or label.}}
|
|
* [[IF...THEN]] (statement) {{text|a conditional flow statement or block of statements.}}
|
|
* [[LOOP]] {{text|end of a DO...LOOP procedure that repeats code until or while a condition is true.}}
|
|
* [[RESUME]] (error statement) {{text|an error statement that can return the program to the NEXT code line or a specific line number.}}
|
|
* [[RETURN]] (statement) {{text|a sub-procedure statement that returns the program to the code immediately after the procedure call.}}
|
|
* [[RUN]] (statement) {{text|clears and restarts the program currently in memory or executes another specified program.}}
|
|
* [[SELECT CASE]] (statement) {{text|determines the program flow by comparing the value of a variable to specific values.}}
|
|
* [[SHELL]] (DOS statement) {{text|directly accesses the Operating System's command line procedures.}}
|
|
* [[SLEEP]] (statement) {{text|stops program progression for a specific number of seconds or until a keypress is made.}}
|
|
* [[STEP]] (relational statement) {{text|is used to step through FOR loop values or use relative graphical coordinates.}}
|
|
* [[STOP]] (statement) {{text|is used when troubleshooting a program to stop the program at a specified code line.}}
|
|
* [[SYSTEM]] (statement) {{text|immediately exits a program and closes the program window.}}
|
|
* [[UNTIL]] (conditional statement) {{text|continues a DO LOOP procedure until a condition is true.}}
|
|
* [[WHILE]] (statement) {{text|continues a DO LOOP procedure while a condition is true.}}
|
|
* [[WHILE...WEND]] (statement) {{text|a loop procedure that repeats code while a condition is true.}}
|
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|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Sounds and Music using Sound Card: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_SNDBAL]] (statement) {{text|attempts to set the balance or 3D position of a sound.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDCLOSE]] (statement) {{text|frees and unloads an open sound using a _SNDOPEN or _SNDCOPY handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDCOPY]] (function) {{text|copies a sound to a new handle so that two or more of the same sound can be played at once.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDGETPOS]] (function) {{text|returns the current playing position in seconds of a designated sound handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDLEN]] (function) {{text|returns the length of a sound in seconds of a designated sound handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDLIMIT]] (statement) {{text|stops playing a sound after it has been playing for a set number of seconds.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDLOOP]] (statement) {{text|loops the playing of a specified sound handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDOPEN]] (function) {{text|loads a sound file with certain capabilities and returns a handle value.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDPAUSE]] (statement) {{text|pauses a specified sound handle if it is playing.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDPAUSED]] (function) {{text|returns the pause status of a specified sound handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDPLAY]] (statement) {{text|plays a designated sound file handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDPLAYCOPY]] (statement) {{text|copies a sound, plays it and automatically closes the copy using a handle parameter}}
|
|
* [[_SNDPLAYFILE]] (statement) {{text|a simple command to play a sound file with limited options for SYNC and volume.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDPLAYING]] (function) {{text|returns whether a sound handle is being played.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDRATE]] (function) {{text|returns the sample rate frequency per second of the current computer's sound card.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDRAW]] (statement) {{text|plays sound wave sample frequencies created by a program.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDRAWLEN]] (function) {{text|returns the length, in seconds, of a _SNDRAW sound currently queued.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDSETPOS]] (statement) {{text|changes the current/starting playing position of a sound in seconds.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDSTOP]] (statement) {{text|stops a playing or paused sound handle.}}
|
|
* [[_SNDVOL]] (statement) {{text|sets the volume of a sound handle being played.}}
|
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|
|
* [[BEEP]] (statement) {{text|makes a beep sound when called or CHR$(7) is printed.}}
|
|
* [[ON PLAY(n)]] (event statement) {{text|specifies the line-number or label to branch to when the background music queue is low. NA!}}
|
|
* [[PLAY(n)]] (event function) {{text|returns the number of notes currently in the background music queue. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[PLAY]] (music statement) {{text|uses a custom string statement to play musical notes.}}
|
|
* [[SOUND]] (statement) {{text|creates sounds of a specified frequency for a set duration.}}
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== String Text Manipulation and Conversion: ==
|
|
|
|
* [[_CLIPBOARD$]] (function) {{text|returns the current [[STRING]] contents of the system Clipboard.}}
|
|
* [[_CLIPBOARD$ (statement)]] {{text|sets the [[STRING]] contents of the current system Clipboard.}}
|
|
* [[_CV]] (function) {{text|used to convert [[_MK$]] [[ASCII]] [[STRING|string]] values to numerical values.}}
|
|
* [[_MK$]] (function) {{text|converts any numerical type into an [[ASCII]] [[STRING|string]] value that must be converted back using [[_CV]].}}
|
|
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|
|
* [[ASC (statement)]] {{text|allows a QB64 program to change a character at any position of a predefined STRING.}}
|
|
* [[HEX$]] (function) {{text|returns the base 16 hexadecimal representation of an [[INTEGER]] value as a [[STRING]].}}
|
|
* [[INSTR]] (function) {{text|searches for the first occurance of a search STRING within a string and returns the position.}}
|
|
* [[LCASE$]] (function) {{text|changes the uppercase letters of a STRING to lowercase.}}
|
|
* [[LEFT$]] (function) {{text|returns a part of a STRING from the start a designated number of character places.}}
|
|
* [[LEN]] (function) {{text|returns the number of bytes or characters in a [[STRING]] value.}}
|
|
* [[LSET]] (statement) {{text|left-justifies a fixed length string expression based on the size of the STRING.}}
|
|
* [[LTRIM$]] (function) {{text|returns a string with all leading spaces removed.}}
|
|
* [[MID$ (statement)]] {{text|returns a portion of a string from the start position a designated number of characters.}}
|
|
* [[MKD$]] (function) {{text|converts a [[DOUBLE]] numerical value into an 8 byte [[ASCII]] [[STRING]] value.}}
|
|
* [[MKDMBF$]] (function) {{text|converts a double-precision number to a string containing a value in Microsoft Binary format.}}
|
|
* [[MKI$]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical [[INTEGER]] value to a 2 byte [[ASCII]] string value.}}
|
|
* [[MKL$]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical [[LONG]] value to a 4 byte [[ASCII]] string value.}}
|
|
* [[MKS$]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical [[SINGLE]] value to a 4 byte [[ASCII]] string value.}}
|
|
* [[MKSMBF$]] (function) {{text|converts a single-precision number to a string containing a value in Microsoft Binary format.}}}}
|
|
* [[OCT$]] (function) {{text|returns the base 8 Octal representation of an INTEGER value.}}
|
|
* [[RIGHT$]] (function) {{text|returns a set number of characters in a STRING variable starting from the end.}}
|
|
* [[RSET]] (statement) {{text|right-justifies a string according to length of the string expression.}}
|
|
* [[RTRIM$]] (function) {{text|returns a string with all of the spaces removed at the right end of a string.}}
|
|
* [[SPACE$]] (function) {{text|returns a STRING consisting of a number of space characters.}}
|
|
* [[STR$]] (function) {{text|converts a numerical value to a [[STRING]].}}
|
|
* [[STRING]] ($ variable type) {{text|one byte text variable with [[ASCII]] code values from 0 to 255.}}
|
|
* [[STRING$]] (function) {{text|returns a STRING consisting of a single character repeated a set number of times.}}
|
|
* [[SWAP]] (statement) {{text|used to exchange two string variable or array element values.}}
|
|
* [[UCASE$]] (function) {{text|returns a string with all letters as uppercase.}}
|
|
* [[VAL]] (function) {{text|converts a string number value to a numerical value.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== Sub procedures and Functions==
|
|
|
|
<center>'''Qbasic and QB64'''</center>
|
|
* [[CALL]] (statement) {{text|sends code execution to a [[SUB]] procedure in a program. Parameter brackets are required when used.}}
|
|
* [[CALL ABSOLUTE|CALL ABSOLUTE]] (statement) {{text|used to access Interrupts on the computer or execute assembly type procedures.}}
|
|
* [[CALLS]] (statement) {{text|transfers control to a procedure written in a different programming language. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[CHAIN]] (statement) {{text|changes seamlessly from one program module to another.}}
|
|
* [[DECLARE]] (BASIC statement) {{text|used to tell that a SUB or FUNCTION is created to be used in the program. NOT USED by QB64!}}
|
|
* [[DEF FN]] (statement) {{text|statement defines a function in the main module. NOT IMPLEMENTED!}}
|
|
* [[END]] (statement) {{text|ends a [[SUB]] or [[FUNCTION]] procedure.}}
|
|
* [[EXIT]] (statement) {{text|exits a [[SUB]] or [[FUNCTION]] procedure early.}}
|
|
* [[FUNCTION]] (statement) {{text|a procedure that holds ONE return value in the function's name which is a variable type. }}
|
|
* [[GOSUB]] (statement) {{text|sends the program to a sub program that uses a line number or label.}}
|
|
* [[$INCLUDE]] (metacommand) {{text|used to insert a source code text file into your program at the point of the insertion.}}
|
|
* [[INTERRUPT]] (statement) {{text|a built in assembly routine for accessing computer information registers.}}
|
|
* [[RETURN]] (statement) {{text|used in GOSUB procedures to return to the original call code line.}}
|
|
* [[RUN]] (statement) {{text| flow statement that clears and restarts the program currently in memory or executes another specified program.}}
|
|
* [[SHARED]] (statement) defines a variable or list of variables as shared with the main program module.}}
|
|
* [[SHELL]] (statement) {{text|allows a program to use OS command lines.}}
|
|
* [[STATIC]] (statement) {{text|defines a variable or list of variables that will retain their values after the sub-procedure is exited.}}
|
|
* [[SUB]] (statement) {{text|procedures are programs within programs that can return multiple calculations.}}
|
|
|
|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
|
|
== TCP/IP Networking and Email: ==
|
|
|
|
<center>'''All Statements and Functions Compile in QB64 Only!'''</center>
|
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|
|
* [[_CONNECTED]] (function) {{text|returns the connection status of a TCP/IP connection handle.}}
|
|
* [[_CONNECTIONADDRESS$]] (function) {{text| function returns a connected user's [[STRING]] IP address value.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[_OPENCLIENT]] (function) {{text|connects to a Host on the Internet as a Client and returns the Client status handle.}}
|
|
* [[_OPENCONNECTION]] (function) {{text|open's a connection from a client that the host has detected and returns a status handle.}}
|
|
* [[_OPENHOST]] (function) {{text|opens a Host which listens for new connections and returns a Host status handle.}}
|
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|
|
|
* [[CLOSE]] (statement) {{text|closes an opened internet connection using the handle assigned in an OPEN statement.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[GET (TCP/IP statement)]] {{text|reads unformatted(raw) data from an opened connection using the connection handle.}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [[INPUT (TCP/IP statement)]] {{text|reads a formatted message from an opened connection using the connection handle.}}
|
|
|
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|
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* [[PUT (TCP/IP statement)]] {{text|sends unformatted(raw) data to an open connection using a user's handle.}}
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* [[PRINT (TCP/IP statement)]] {{text|sends formatted message to an open connection handle.}}
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<center>See also: [[TCP/IP Message Format]], [[IP Configuration]], [[Downloading Files]] and [[WGET]]</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Text on Screen: ==
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* [[_CONTROLCHR]] {{text|[[OFF]] allows [[ASCII]] characters 0 to 31 to be used as text characters. [[ON]](default) resets to default usage.}}
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* [[_FONT (function)]] {{text|creates a new alphablended font handle from a designated image handle}}
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* [[_FONT]] (statement) {{text|sets the current [[_LOADFONT]] function font handle to be used by [[PRINT]] or [[_PRINTSTRING]].}}
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* [[_MAPUNICODE]] (statement) {{text|maps a [[Unicode]] value to an [[ASCII]] character code value.}}
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* [[_PRINTSTRING]] (statement) {{text|prints text or custom font strings using graphic column and row coordinate positions.}}
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* [[_SCREENPRINT]] (s
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4ab9
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tatement) {{text|simulates typing text into a Windows program using the keyboard.}}
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* [[CHR$]] (function) {{text|returns the text character associated with a certain [[ASCII]] character code as a one byte [[STRING]].}}
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* [[CLS]] (statement) {{text|clears a screen page or the program [[SCREEN]]. QB64 can clear with a color.}}
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* [[COLOR]] (statement) {{text|used to change the color of the text and background in some legacy screen modes.}}
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* [[CSRLIN]] (function) {{text|returns the current print cursor row position on the screen.}}
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* [[INPUT]] (statement) {{text|requests a [[STRING]] or numerical keyboard entry from a program user.}}
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* [[KEY LIST]] (statement) {{text|vertically lists all the [[ON KEY(n)]] softkey strings associated with each function key F1 to F12.}}
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* [[LINE INPUT]] (statement) {{text|requests a [[STRING]] keyboard entry from a program user.}}
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* [[LOCATE]] (statement) {{text|locates the screen text row and column positions for a [[PRINT]] or [[INPUT]] procedure.}}
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* [[POS]] (function) {{text|returns the current print cursor column position.}}
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* [[PRINT]] (statement) {{text|prints numeric or [[STRING|string]] expressions to the program screen.}}
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* [[PRINT USING]] (statement) {{text|prints template formatted numeric or string values to the program screen.}}
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* [[SCREEN]] (statement) {{text|sets the screen mode of a program. No statement defaults the program to SCREEN 0 text mode.}}
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* [[SCREEN (function)]] {{text|returns the [[ASCII]] code of a text character or the color attribute at a set text location on the screen.}}
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* [[SPACE$]] (function) {{text|returns a [[STRING|string]] consisting of a number of space characters.}}
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* [[SPC]] (function) {{text|used in [[PRINT]] and [[LPRINT]] statements to print or output a number of space characters.}}
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* [[STR$]] (function) {{text|returns the [[STRING]] representation of a numerical value.}}
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* [[STRING$]](function) {{text| returns a [[STRING]] consisting of a single character repeated a set number of times.}}
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* [[TAB]] (function) {{text|used in [[PRINT]] and [[LPRINT]] statements to move to a specified text column position.}}
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* [[VIEW PRINT]] (statement) {{text|defines the boundaries of a text viewport [[PRINT]] area.}}
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* [[WIDTH]] (statement) {{text|changes the text dimensions of certain [[SCREEN]] modes or printer page widths}}
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* [[WRITE]] (screen I/O statement) {{text|writes a comma-separated list of values to the screen.}}
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<center> See also: [[#Fonts and Unicode:|Fonts and Unicode]] or [[ASCII|ASCII Code Table]]</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Time, Date and Timing: ==
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* [[_AUTODISPLAY]] (statement) {{text|enables the automatic display of the screen image changes previously disabled by [[_DISPLAY]].}}
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* [[_DELAY]] (statement) {{text|suspends program execution for a [[SINGLE]] value of seconds down to milliseconds.}}
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* [[_DISPLAY]] (statement) {{text|turns off automatic display while only displaying the screen changes when called.}}
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*[[_FREETIMER]] (function) {{text|returns a free TIMER number for multiple [[ON TIMER(n)]] events.}}
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* [[_KEYDOWN]] (function) {{text|returns whether modifying keys like CTRL, ALT, SHIFT, and any other keys are pressed.}}
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* [[_KEYHIT]] (function) {{text|returns ASCII one and two byte, SDL Virtual Key and Unicode keyboard key press codes.}}
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* [[_LIMIT]] (statement) {{text|sets the loop repeat rate of a program to so many per second, relinquishing spare cpu cycles.}}
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* [[DATE$]] (function) {{text|returns the present computer date in a mm-dd-yyyy [[STRING|string]] format}}
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* [[DATE$ (statement)]] {{text|sets the computer date in a mm-dd-yyyy [[STRING|string]] format if allowed by the OS.}}
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* [[INKEY$]] (function) {{text| can be used in a loop to wait for a keypress or a [Ctrl] + letter key combination.}}
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* [[INPUT]] (statement) {{text|can be used to wait for an [Enter] key press or a text or numerical menu entry.}}
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* [[INPUT$]] (function) {{text|can be used to wait for a key press or a fixed length text entry.}}
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* [[ON KEY(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a keypress or keypress combination occurs.}}
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* [[ON TIMER(n)]] (event statement) {{text|executes when a timed event occurs. QB64 can use multiple numbered timer events.}}
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* [[SLEEP]] (statement) {{text|pauses the program for a specified number of seconds or a until a key press is made.}}
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* [[TIME$]] (function) {{text|returns the present computer time in a hh:mm:ss 24 hour [[STRING|string]] format}}
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* [[TIME$ (statement)]] {{text|sets the computer time in a hh:mm:ss 24 hour [[STRING|string]] format if allowed by the OS.}}
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* [[TIMER]] (function) {{text|returns the number of seconds past the previous midnite down to a QB64 accuracy of one millisecond.}}
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* [[TIMER (statement)]] {{text|enables, turns off or stops timer event trapping. In QB64 TIMER(n) FREE can free multiple timers. }}
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* [[WAIT]] (statement) {{text|normally used to delay program display execution during or after vertical retrace periods.}}
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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== Window and Desktop: ==
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<center>'''All Statements and Functions except [[SCREEN]] Compile in QB64 Only!'''</center>
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* [[_FULLSCREEN (function)]] {{text|returns the present full screen mode setting number of the screen window.}}
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* [[_FULLSCREEN]] (statement) {{text|sets the full screen mode of the screen window. Alt + Enter can do it manually.}}
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* [[_HEIGHT]] (function) {{text|returns the height of a [[_SCREENIMAGE]] handle to get the desktop resolution.}}
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* [[_ICON]] (statement) {{text|creates a program icon from an image file handle created by [[_LOADIMAGE]]. Cannot use .ICO files!}}
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* [[_NEWIMAGE]] (statement) {{text|function prepares a window image surface and returns the handle value.}}
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* [[_SCREENCLICK]] {{text|simulates clicking the mouse at a position on the screen to get focus.}}
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* [[$SCREENHIDE]] (QB64 [[Metacommand]]) {{text|hides the program window throughout the program until [[$SCREENSHOW]] is used.}}
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* [[_SCREENHIDE]] (statement) {{text|hides the main program window in a section of code until [[_SCREENSHOW]] is used.}}
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* [[_SCREENIMAGE]] (function) {{text|creates an image of the current desktop and returns an image handle.}}
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* [[_SCREENMOVE]] (statement) {{text|positions the program window on the desktop using designated coordinates or _MIDDLE.}}
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* [[_SCREENPRINT]] (statement) {{text|simulates typing text into a Windows program using the keyboard.}}
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* [[$SCREENSHOW]] (QB64 [[Metacommand]]) {{text|displays the main program window throughout the program after [[$SCREENHIDE]].}}
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* [[_SCREENSHOW]] (statement) {{text|displays the main program window in a section of code after [[_SCREENHIDE]] has been used.}}
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* [[_SCREENX]] (function) {{text|returns the current program window's upper left corner column position on the desktop.}}
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* [[_SCREENY]] (function) {{text|returns the current program window's upper left corner row position on the desktop.}}
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* [[_TITLE]] (statement) {{text|sets the program name [[STRING|string]] in the title bar of the program window.}}
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* [[_WIDTH (function)]] {{text|returns the width of a [[_SCREENIMAGE]] handle to get the desktop resolution.}}
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* [[SCREEN]] {{text|sets the screen mode of a program. No statement defaults the program to SCREEN 0 text mode.}}
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<center>''See also:'' [[C_Libraries#Console_Window|Console Window]], [[SDL_Libraries#Window|SDL Frameless Window Library]], [[Windows_Libraries#Hot_Keys_.28maximize.29|Windows Hot Keys]] or [[Windows_Libraries#Focus|Focus on Program]].</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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==QB64 Programming Symbols:==
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<center>'''QB64 and QB Symbols:'''</center>
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<center>''[Note: All symbols below can also be used inside of literal quoted strings except for quotation marks.]''</center>
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:'''Print, Input or File Formatting'''
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* [[Semicolon|; Semicolon]] after a [[PRINT]] stops the invisible cursor at end of the printed value. Can prevent screen rolling!
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* [[Comma|, Comma]] after a [[PRINT]] tabs the invisible cursor past the end of the printed value.
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* [[Quotation mark|" Quotation mark]] delimits the ends of a literal [[STRING]] value in a [[PRINT]], [[INPUT]] or [[LINE INPUT]] statement.
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* [[Question mark|? Question mark]] is a shortcut substitute for the [[PRINT]] keyword. Will change to PRINT when cursor leaves the code line.
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:'''Program Code Markers'''
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* [[Apostrophe|' Apostrophe]] denotes a program comment, to ignore a code line or a Qbasic [[Metacommand]]. Same as using [[REM]].
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* [[Comma|, Comma]] is a statement variable or [[DATA]], [[SUB]] or [[FUNCTION]] parameter separator.
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* [[Colon|: Colon]]s can be used to separate two procedure statements on one code line.
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* [[Dollar_Sign|$ Dollar sign]] prefix denotes a Qbasic [[Metacommand]]. Only '''QB64''''s event [[$CHECKING]] should NOT be commented.
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* [[Parenthesis|( ) Parenthesis]] enclose a math or conditional procedure order, [[SUB]] or [[FUNCTION]] parameters or to pass by value.
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* [[+|+ Plus]] [[concatenation]] operator MUST be used to combine literal string values in a variable definition.
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* [[Quotation mark|" Quotation mark]] delimits the ends of a literal [[STRING]] value. Use [[CHR$]](34) to insert quotes in a text [[STRING]].
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* [[REM]] or apostrophe are used to make comments or ignore code or precedes a [[Metacommand]].
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* [[Underscore|_ Underscore]] at the end of a code line is used to continue a line of code to the next program line in '''QB64 only'''.
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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:'''Variable Name Type Suffixes'''
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|
* [[STRING|$ STRING]] text character type: 1 byte
|
|
* [[SINGLE|! SINGLE]] floating decimal point numerical type (4 bytes)
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* [[DOUBLE|# DOUBLE]] floating decimal point numerical type (8 bytes)
|
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* [[_FLOAT|## _FLOAT]] '''QB64''' decimal point numerical type (32 bytes)
|
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* [[_UNSIGNED|~ _UNSIGNED]] '''QB64''' [[INTEGER|whole]] positive numerical type when it precedes the 6 numerical suffixes below:
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* [[INTEGER|% INTEGER]] [[INTEGER|whole]] numerical type (2 bytes)
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* [[LONG|& LONG]] [[INTEGER|whole]] numerical type (4 bytes}
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* [[_INTEGER64|&& _INTEGER64]] '''QB64''' [[INTEGER|whole]] numerical type (8 bytes)
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* [[_BIT|` _BIT]] '''QB64''' [[INTEGER|whole]] numerical type (1 bit)(Key below tilde(~) or [[CHR$]](96))
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* [[_BYTE|%% _BYTE]] '''QB64''' [[INTEGER|whole]] numerical type (1 byte)
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* [[_OFFSET|%& _OFFSET]] '''QB64''' [[INTEGER|whole]] numerical pointer address type (any byte size required)
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
|
|
:'''Numerical Base Prefixes'''
|
|
* [[&B|&B Binary]] base 2 Digits 0 or 1 ['''QB64''']
|
|
* [[&O|&O Octal]] base 8 Digits 0 to 7
|
|
* [[&H|&H Hexadecimal]] base 16: Digits 0 to F
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:'''[[Mathematical Operations]]'''
|
|
*[[+|+ Addition]] operator or sign
|
|
*[[-|- Subtraction]] operator or sign
|
|
*[[*|* Multiplication]] operator
|
|
*[[/|/ Division]] (floating decimal point) operator
|
|
*[[\|\ Integer division]] operator
|
|
*[[^|^ Exponential]] operator
|
|
*[[MOD|MOD Integer Remainder division]] operator
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:'''[[Relational Operations]]'''
|
|
* [[Equal|=]] (Equal to condition)
|
|
* [[Greater_Than|>]] (Greater than condition)
|
|
* [[Less_Than|<]] (Less than condition)
|
|
* [[Not_Equal|<>]] (Not equal to condition)
|
|
* [[Greater_Than_Or_Equal|>=]] (Greater than or equal to condition)
|
|
* [[Less_Than_Or_Equal|<=]] (Less than or equal to condition)
|
|
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|
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
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|
|
==QB64 Programming References:==
|
|
|
|
<center>'''WIKI Pages'''
|
|
|
|
[[Keyword Reference - Alphabetical#QB64 specific keywords:|Go to QB64 specific keywords]]
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[[Keyword Reference - Alphabetical#Original QBasic keywords:|Go to Top of Original QB keywords]]
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[[Keyword Reference - Alphabetical|Go to Alphabetical keywords]]
|
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|
|
[[Main_Page#Appendix:|Main Page with Appendix and Tutorials]]
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[[IDE|How to use the QB64 IDE and Compiler]]
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'''Got a question about something?'''
|
|
|
|
[[QB64 FAQ|Visit the QB64 FAQ]]
|
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|
|
[http://www.qb64.net Visit the QB64 Main Site]
|
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[http://www.qb64.net/forum/index.php Visit QB64 Community Forum]
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'''Links to other Qbasic Sites:'''
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|
[http://qbasicstation.com/index.php?c=p_member Member programs at Qbasic Station]
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[http://www.network54.com/Index/10167 Qbasic Forum at Network 54]
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[http://www.petesqbsite.com/forum/ Pete's Qbasic Forum]
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[http://www.petesqbsite.com/downloads/downloads.shtml Pete's Qbasic Downloads]</center>
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<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p> |