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63 lines
2.6 KiB
Plaintext
63 lines
2.6 KiB
Plaintext
[[INTEGER]] is a 2-byte number type definition that can hold whole numerical values.
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{{PageSyntax}}
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: [[DIM]] ''variable'' AS [[INTEGER]]
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* Integers do not use decimal point values but will round those off to the nearest even whole number.
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* QBasic integer values can range from -32768 to 32767 without an "overflow" error.
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* For larger integer values use the [[LONG]] integer type.
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* '''QB64''' [[INTEGER]] values greater than 32767 become negative signed values instead of throwing an "overflow" error, as the top bit designates a negative value. See example 1 below.
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* '''QB64''' [[_UNSIGNED]] integers can range from 0 to 65535.
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* '''QB64''' _UNSIGNED [[_INTEGER64]] values range from 0 to 18446744073709551615
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* Many graphic programs require [[INTEGER]] arrays.
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* Variable type suffix is % or ~% for [[_UNSIGNED]]. Suffix can also be placed after a literal or hexadecimal numerical value.
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* [[LONG]] integers use the '''&''' suffix and [[_INTEGER64]] use the '''&&''' suffix.
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* Values can be converted to 2 byte [[ASCII]] string values using [[MKI$]] and back with [[CVI]].
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* '''When a variable has not been defined or has no type suffix, the value defaults to [[SINGLE]].'''
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* '''Warning: QBasic keyword names cannot be used as numerical variable names with or without the type suffix.'''
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{{PageExamples}}
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''Example 1:'' QBasic signed integers were limited from -32768 to 32767, but could not exceed 32767 or it would error:
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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{{Cl|DO...LOOP|DO}}: {{Cl|_LIMIT}} 2000
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i% = i% + 1
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{{Cl|PRINT}} i%
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{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} i% = 0 '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}
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:''Explanation:'' In '''QB64''' the count will go to 32767, then count up from -32768 to 0 before repeating the process without error.
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''Example 2:'' When a signed '''QB64''' INTEGER value exceeds 32767, the value may become a negative value:
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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i% = 38000
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{{Cl|PRINT}} i% '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}{{OutputStart}}-27536
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{{OutputEnd}}
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:''Explanation:'' Use an [[_UNSIGNED]] INTEGER or a ~% variable type suffix for only positive integer values up to 65535.
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''Example 3:'' In '''QB64''' [[_UNSIGNED]] INTEGER values greater than 65535 cycle over again from zero:
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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i~% = 70000
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{{Cl|PRINT}} i~% '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}{{OutputStart}} 4464
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{{OutputEnd}}
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:''Explanation:'' In QB64 an unsigned integer value of 65536 would be 0 with values increasing by the value minus 65536.
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{{PageSeeAlso}}
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* [[DIM]], [[DEFINT]]
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* [[LONG]], [[_INTEGER64]]
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* [[LEN]], [[MKI$]], [[CVI]]
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* [[_DEFINE]], [[_UNSIGNED]]
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* [[Variable Types]]
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* [[&B]] (binary), [[&O]] (octal), [[&H]] (hexadecimal)
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* [[\|Integer Division]], [[MOD]] (Integer remainder division)
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{{PageNavigation}}
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