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105 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
105 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
The [[MOD]] operator gives the remainder after division of one number by another (sometimes called modulus).
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{{PageSyntax}}
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: {{Parameter|remainder}} = {{Parameter|numerator}} [[MOD]] {{Parameter|divisor}}
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{{Parameters}}
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* Returns the integer division remainder as a whole [[INTEGER]], [[LONG]] or [[_INTEGER64]] value.
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* {{Parameter|numerator}} is the [[INTEGER]] value to divide.
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* {{Parameter|divisor}} is the [[INTEGER]] value to divide by.
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{{PageDescription}}
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* Floating decimal point ''numerator'' and ''divisor'' values are [[CINT]] rounded (e.g. {{InlineCode}}19 MOD 6.7{{InlineCodeEnd}} returns 5 just like {{InlineCode}}19 MOD 7{{InlineCodeEnd}} would).
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* MOD returns 0 if a number is evenly divisible by integer division ( [[\]] ) or the number divided is 0.
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* '''{{Parameter|divisor}} (second value) must not be between 0 and .5'''. This will create a [[ERROR Codes|"Division by zero" error]] due to [[CINT]] rounding the value to 0.
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* The result has the same sign as the numerator (e.g. {{InlineCode}}-1 MOD 7{{InlineCodeEnd}} returns -1, not 6).
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* Division and multiplication operations are performed before addition and subtraction in QBasic's order of operations.
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{{PageExamples}}
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''Example 1:''
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{{CodeStart}}
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I% = 100 {{Cl|\}} 9
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R% = 100 {{Cl|MOD}} 9
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PRINT "Integer division ="; I%, "Remainder ="; R%
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{{CodeEnd}}
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{{OutputStart}}
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Integer division = 11 Remainder = 1 '' ''
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{{OutputEnd}}
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''Explanation:'' Integer division 100 \ 9 returns 11. 11 [[*]] 9 = 99. So the remainder must be 1 as 100 - 99 = 1. Normal decimal point division would return 11.11111.
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''Example 2:'' Comparing normal, integer and remainder division.
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{{CodeStart}}
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tmp1$ = " Normal: ####.# / #### = ##.### "
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tmp2$ = " Integer: ####.# \ #### = ### "
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tmp3$ = " Remainder: ####.# MOD #### = #### "
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FOR i = 1 TO 6
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SELECT CASE i
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CASE 1: numerator = 1: divisor = 5
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CASE 2: numerator = 13: divisor = 10
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CASE 3: numerator = 990: divisor = 100
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CASE 4: numerator = 1100: divisor = 100
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CASE 5: numerator = 4501: divisor = 1000
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CASE 6: numerator = 50.6: divisor = 10
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END SELECT
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LOCATE 5, 20: PRINT USING tmp1$; numerator; divisor; numerator / divisor
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LOCATE 7, 20: PRINT USING tmp2$; numerator; divisor; numerator \ divisor
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LOCATE 9, 20: PRINT USING tmp3$; numerator; divisor; numerator MOD divisor
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DO: SLEEP: LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ <> ""
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NEXT '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}
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''Example 3:'' Integer division and MOD can be used to convert values to different base numbering systems from base 2 to 36 as [[STRING|strings]]:
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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{{Cl|CLS}}
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DO
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{{Cl|INPUT}} "Enter a base number system 2 to 36: ", b%
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{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} b% < 2 {{Cl|OR (boolean)|OR}} b% > 36 {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|EXIT DO}}
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{{Cl|PRINT}} "Enter a positive value to convert: ";
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num$ = ""
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{{Cl|DO...LOOP|DO}}: K$ = {{Cl|INKEY$}}
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num$ = num$ + K$
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{{Cl|LOCATE}} {{Cl|CSRLIN}}, {{Cl|POS}}(0): {{Cl|PRINT}} K$;
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{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} K$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(13)
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n& = {{Cl|VAL}}(num$)
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{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} n& = 0 {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|EXIT DO}}
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Bnum$ = BASEN$(n&, b%)
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{{Cl|PRINT}} Bnum$ ', {{Cl|VAL}}("{{Cl|&H}}" + Bnum$) 'tests hexadecimal base 16 only
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{{Cl|LOOP}}
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{{Cl|END}}
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{{Cl|FUNCTION}} BASEN$ (number&, basenum%)
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{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} basenum% < 2 {{Cl|OR (boolean)|OR}} basenum% > 36 {{Cl|OR (boolean)|OR}} number& = 0 {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|EXIT FUNCTION}}
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num& = number& 'protect value of number!
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DO
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remain% = {{Cl|ABS}}(num&) {{Cl|MOD}} basenum% ' remainder is used to create actual digit 0 to Z
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num& = num& \ basenum% ' move up one exponent of base% with integer division
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{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} remain% > 9 {{Cl|THEN}}
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b$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(65 + (remain% - 10)) 'limited to base 36
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{{Cl|ELSE}}: b$ = {{Cl|LTRIM$}}({{Cl|STR$}}(remain%)) ' make remainder a string number
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{{Cl|END IF}}
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BN$ = b$ + BN$ ' add remainder character to base number string
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{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} num& = 0
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BASEN$ = BN$
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{{Cl|END FUNCTION}} '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}
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: ''Note:'' Base numbering systems over base 10(0 - 9) use alphabetical letters to represent digits greater than 9 like [[&H|Hexadecimal]](0 - F).
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{{PageSeeAlso}}
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* [[/|/ (normal division operator)]]
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* [[\|\ (integer division operator)]]
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* [[INT]], [[CINT]], [[FIX]], [[_ROUND]], [[_CEIL]]
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* [[Mathematical Operations]]
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{{PageNavigation}}
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