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87 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
87 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
The '''PRINT USING''' statement is used to [[PRINT]] formatted data to the Screen or a file using a [[STRING]] template.
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{{PageSyntax}}
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:: '''PRINT''' [''text$''{;|,}] '''USING''' ''template$''; ''variable''[; ...][{;|,}]
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{{Parameters}}
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* Literal or variable [[STRING]] ''text$'' can be placed between PRINT and USING or it can be included in the ''template''.
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* A [[semicolon]] or [[comma]] may follow the ''text'' to stop or tab the print cursor before the ''template'' [[PRINT]].
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* The literal or variable [[STRING]] ''template'' should use the template symbols to display each variable [[type]] in the list following it.
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* The list of data ''variables'' used in the ''template'' are '''separated by semicolons''' after the template string value.
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* In '''QB64''' ONE [[semicolon]] or [[comma]] may follow the variable list to stop the print cursor for pending prints. QB only allowed a semicolon.
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''Usage:''
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* The ''variables'' should be listed in the order that they are used in the template from left to right.
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* '''If the ''template'' string is omitted or symbols don't match the ''variable(s)'' an "Illegal Function Call" [[ERROR Codes|ERROR]] will occur!'''
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* No more than 25 # digit places are allowed in a template number or an [[ERROR Codes|error]] will occur.
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* Can convert numerical exponential or [[scientific notation]] values to normal decimal point values using less digits.
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* '''NOTE:''' If the numerical value exceeds the template's digit range a % symbol will appear in the leftmost digit area.
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* '''WARNING: The numbers displayed are rounded so the actual values are never changed and are actually more accurate.'''
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{{PrintUsing}}
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''Example 1:'' Printing formatted data using a predefined [[STRING|string]] template variable.
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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first$ = "Bobby": last$ = "Smith"
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boxes% = 1510: sales! = 4530
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tmp$ = "Salesperson: & & #####,. $$#####,.##"
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} tmp$; first$; last$; boxes%; sales!
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{{CodeEnd}} '' ''
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{{OutputStart}}Salesperson: Bobby Smith 1,510 $4,530.00
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{{OutputEnd}}
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''Explanation:'' The ''Salesperson:'' text precedes the formatted data. The name lengths will change the length of the string template accordingly so columns will not all line up. If \ \ was used, the columns would stay the same, but parts of some names might be lost. If the box or sales values exceed 3 digits, a comma is used in the value every 3 digits.
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''Example 2:'' How to display formatting symbols as normal text using underscores in a PRINT USING template.
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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errcode = 35
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} "Error ## occurred!!"; errcode
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'now there are the !! at the end of the printed string
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} "Error ## occurred_!_!"; errcode
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{{Cl|END}} ''
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{{CodeEnd}}
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{{OutputStart}}Error 35 occurred
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Error 35 occurred!!
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{{OutputEnd}}
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: ''Explanation:'' The first template will not print the exclamation points or error when the requested text parameters are omitted.
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''Example 3:'' Exponential notation is designated after the leading digits are formatted. Digit places determine rounded value displayed.
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{{CodeStart}}
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} "##.##^^^^"; 234.56
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} ".####^^^^-"; -777777
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} "+.##^^^^"; 123
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{{Cl|PRINT USING}} "+.##^^^^^"; 123 '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}
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{{OutputStart}} 2.35E+02
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.7778E+06-
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+.12E+03
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+.12E+003
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{{OutputEnd}}
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: ''Explanation:'' Note how 5 carets in the bottom format expands the number of exponent digits to accommodate larger exponent values.
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''Example 4:'' USING does not necessarily have to immediately follow PRINT, but it must follow it in the code line.
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{{CodeStart}} '' ''
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money = 12345.45
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tmp$ = "$$#######,.##"
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{{Cl|PRINT}} "I have this much money!"; {{Cl|PRINT USING|USING}} tmp$; money '' ''
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{{CodeEnd}}
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: ''Note:'' This can also be used to print the USING formatting characters outside of the template.
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''See also:''
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* [[PRINT]], [[PRINT USING (file statement)|PRINT #, USING]]
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* [[LPRINT]], [[LPRINT USING]]
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{{PageNavigation}}
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