qb64/internal/help/POKE.md

The **POKE** statement sets the value of a specified memory address offset. **QB64 currently has limited access!** 

## Syntax

> POKE *segment_offset*, *offset_value*

* Writes a value to the *segment_offset* address in memory.
* POKE can only be used to set a value from 0 to 255 (one byte).
* A segment should be defined using [DEF SEG](DEF-SEG), if you don't define a segment qbasics ordinary segment will be used.
* POKE sends byte values to memory areas. It does not directly access registers.
* Important [SCREEN (statement)](SCREEN-(statement)) segments using [PEEK](PEEK) and [POKE](POKE) include &HB800 (text segment) and &HA000 (graphics segment).
* [DEF SEG](DEF-SEG) should always be used to reset the default segment when access to other memory is no longer necessary.
* POKE is safer to use than [OUT](OUT) which could damage a PC register.
* **Warning: DEF SEG, VARSEG , VARPTR, PEEK or POKE access QB64's emulated 16 bit conventional memory block!** 
>  **It is highly recommended that QB64's [_MEM](_MEM) memory system be used to avoid running out of memory.**

## Example(s)

> Turning keyboard Lock and Insert modes on and off.

```vb

 DEF SEG = 0
 oldsetting% = PEEK(1047)
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 16 ' ENABLES SCROLL LOCK
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 32 ' ENABLES NUMBER LOCK
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 64 ' ENABLES CAPS LOCK
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 128 ' ENABLES INSERT MODE
 DEF SEG

```

> *Note: Use [XOR](XOR) instead of [OR](OR) above to alternate between on and off modes.*

```vb

 DEF SEG = 0
 oldsetting% = PEEK(1047)
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 239 ' TURNS OFF SCROLL LOCK (239 = 255 - 16)
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 223 ' TURNS OFF NUMBER LOCK (223 = 255 - 32)
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 191 ' TURNS OFF CAPS LOCK (191 = 255 - 64)
 POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 127 ' TURNS OFF INSERT MODE (127 = 255 - 128)
 DEF SEG 

```

> *Note: Using [AND](AND) requires that the bit value is subtracted from 255 to turn off a bit.* The above examples won't work in NT.

> **Warning: The keyboard lights may NOT change so it is a good idea to restore the original settings!**

A small PEEK and POKE fractal program.

```vb

SCREEN 13
DEF SEG = &HA000     'set to read screen buffer
DO
    FOR a& = 0 TO 65535
        POKE a&, PEEK((a& * 2) AND &HFFFF&) + 1
    NEXT
    _LIMIT 25
LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ <> ""
DEF SEG 

``` 

Highlighting a row of text in Screen 0

```vb

minX = 20: maxX = 60: minY = 10: maxY = 24
selection = 0 'the screen Y coordinate of the previously highlighted item
FOR i% = 1 TO 25: LOCATE i%, 40: PRINT i%;: NEXT
DO: _LIMIT 100
  IF _MOUSEINPUT THEN
    'Un-highlight any selected row
    IF selection THEN selectRow selection, minX, maxX, 0
    x = CINT(_MOUSEX)
    y = CINT(_MOUSEY)    
    IF x >= minX AND x <= maxX AND y >= minY AND y <= maxY THEN
      selection = y
    ELSE
      selection = 0
    END IF
    'Highlight any selected row
    IF selection THEN SelectRow selection, minX, maxX, 2 
    IF _MOUSEBUTTON(1) THEN LOCATE 1, 2: PRINT x, y, selection 
  END IF
LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ <> ""

SUB SelectRow (y, x1, x2, col)
DEF SEG = &HB800
addr& = (x1 - 1 + (y - 1) * _WIDTH) * 2 + 1
FOR x = x1 TO x2
  oldCol = PEEK(addr&) AND &B10001111   ' Mask foreground color and blink bit
  POKE addr&, oldCol OR ((col AND &B111) * &B10000) ' Apply background color
  addr& = addr& + 2
NEXT
END SUB 

```

## See Example(s)

* [SelectScreen](SelectScreen) (Screen mode selection) 

## See Also
 
* [DEF SEG](DEF-SEG), [DEF SEG = 0](DEF-SEG-=-0) (reference)
* [PEEK](PEEK) (read memory), [OUT](OUT) (write to register)
* [VARSEG](VARSEG), [VARPTR](VARPTR)
* [_MEMGET (function)](_MEMGET-(function)), [_MEMPUT](_MEMPUT)
* [Scancodes](Scancodes) (demo), [Screen Memory](Screen-Memory) 
* [PEEK and POKE Library](PEEK-and-POKE-Library)