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qb64/internal/help/ASCII.txt

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Adds extra help files that were being ignored. [ci skip]
2019-04-15 01:20:04 +00:00
==ASCII and Extended Codes==
{| align="right"
| __TOC__
|}
<center>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_page_437 MS-DOS code page 437]:</center>
:{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
! colspan="8"|[http://ascii.cl/control-characters.htm ASCII Control 0 to 31]   |        ASCII Keyboard Character Codes 32 to 127               
|-
! Code ||Character <tt>[key]</tt> || Code || Character || Code || Character || Code || Character
|-
| 0 ||        (NUL) || 32 ||  [<tt>[[SPACE$|Spacebar]]</tt>]|| 64 ||  <tt>@</tt> || 96 ||  <tt>`</tt>
|-
| 1 ||  ☺   (SOH) || 33 ||  ! || 65 ||  A || 97 ||  a
|-
| 2 ||  ☻   (STX) || 34 ||  " || 66 ||  B || 98 ||  b
|-
| 3 ||  ♥   (ETX) || 35 ||  # || 67 ||  C || 99 ||  c
|-
| 4 ||  ♦   (EOT) || 36 ||  $ || 68 ||  D || 100 ||  d
|-
| 5 ||  ♣   (ENQ) || 37 ||  % || 69 ||  E || 101 ||  e
|-
| 6 ||  ♠   (ACK) || 38 ||  & || 70 ||  F || 102 ||  f
|-
| 7 ||  •   (BEL)   <tt>[[BEEP]]</tt>|| 39 ||  ' || 71 ||  G || 103 ||  g
|-
| 8 ||  ◘    [<tt>BackSpace</tt>] **|| 40 ||  ( || 72 ||  H || 104 ||  h
|-
| 9 ||  ○   (HT)    [<tt>TAB</tt>] **|| 41 ||  ) || 73 ||  I || 105 ||   i
|-
| 10 ||  ◙   (LineFeed)  **|| 42 ||  * || 74 ||  J || 106 ||  j
|-
| 11 ||  ♂   (VT) **|| 43 ||  + || 75 ||  K || 107 ||  k
|-
| 12 ||  ♀   (FormFeed) **|| 44 ||  , || 76 ||  L || 108 ||  l
|-
| 13 ||  ♪   (CR) [<tt>Enter</tt>] **|| 45 ||  - || 77 ||  M || 109 ||  m
|-
| 14 ||  ♫   (SO) || 46 ||  . || 78 ||  N || 110 ||  n
|-
| 15 ||  ☼   (SI) || 47 ||  / || 79 ||  O || 111 ||  o
|-
| 16 ||  ►   (DLE) || 48 ||  0 || 80 ||  P || 112 ||  p
|-
| 17 ||  ◄   (DC1) || 49 ||  1 || 81 ||  Q || 113 ||  q
|-
| 18 ||  ↕   (DC2) || 50 ||  2 || 82 ||  R || 114 ||  r
|-
| 19 ||  ‼   (DC3) || 51 ||  3 || 83 ||  S || 115 ||  s
|-
| 20 ||  ¶   (DC4) || 52 ||  4 || 84 ||  T || 116 ||  t
|-
| 21 ||  §   (NAK) || 53 ||  5 || 85 ||  U || 117 ||  u
|-
| 22 ||  ▬   (SYN) || 54 ||  6 || 86 ||  V || 118 ||  v
|-
| 23 ||  ↨   (ETB) || 55 ||  7 || 87 ||  W || 119 ||  w
|-
| 24 ||  ↑   (CAN) || 56 ||  8 || 88 ||  X || 120 ||  x
|-
| 25 ||  ↓   (EM) || 57 ||  9 || 89 ||  Y || 121 ||  y
|-
| 26 ||  →   (SUB)    <tt>[[EOF]]</tt> || 58 ||  : || 90 ||  Z || 122 ||  z
|-
| 27 ||  ←   (ESC)   [<tt>Esc</tt>]|| 59 ||  ; || 91 ||  [ || 123 ||  {
|-
| 28 ||  ∟   (FS) **|| 60 ||  < || 92 ||  \ || 124 ||  <nowiki>|</nowiki>
|-
| 29 ||  ↔   (GS) **|| 61 ||  = || 93 ||  ] || 125 ||  }
|-
| 30 ||  ▲   (RS) **|| 62 ||  > || 94 ||  ^ || 126 ||  ~
|-
| 31 ||  ▼   (US) **|| 63 ||  ? || 95 ||  _ || 127 ||  ⌂ (DEL) *
|-
! colspan="8"| IBM, International, graphical, mathematical and other characters
|-
! Code || Character || Code || Character || Code || Character || Code || Character
|-
| 128 ||  Ç || 160 ||  á || 192 ||  └ || 224 ||  α
|-
| 129 ||  ü || 161 ||  í || 193 ||  ┴ || 225 ||  ß
|-
| 130 ||  é || 162 ||  ó || 194 ||  ┬ || 226 ||  Γ
|-
| 131 ||  â || 163 ||  ú || 195 ||  ├ || 227 ||  π
|-
| 132 ||  ä || 164 ||  ñ || 196 ||  ─ || 228 ||  Σ
|-
| 133 ||  à || 165 ||  Ñ || 197 ||  ┼ || 229 ||  σ
|-
| 134 ||  å || 166 ||  ª || 198 ||  ╞ || 230 ||  µ
|-
| 135 ||  ç || 167 ||  º || 199 ||  ╟ || 231 ||  τ
|-
| 136 ||  ê || 168 ||  ¿ || 200 ||  ╚ || 232 ||  Φ
|-
| 137 ||  ë || 169 ||  ⌐ || 201 ||  ╔ || 233 ||  Θ
|-
| 138 ||  è || 170 ||  ¬ || 202 ||  ╩ || 234 ||  Ω
|-
| 139 ||  ï || 171 ||  ½ || 203 ||  ╦ || 235 ||  δ
|-
| 140 ||  î || 172 ||  ¼ || 204 ||  ╠ || 236 ||  ∞
|-
| 141 ||  ì || 173 ||  ¡ || 205 ||  ═ || 237 ||  φ
|-
| 142 ||  Ä || 174 ||  « || 206 ||  ╬ || 238 ||  ε
|-
| 143 ||  Å || 175 ||  » || 207 ||  ╧ || 239 ||  ∩
|-
| 144 ||  É || 176 ||  ░ || 208 ||  ╨ || 240 ||  ≡
|-
| 145 ||  æ || 177 ||  ▒ || 209 ||  ╤ || 241 ||  ±
|-
| 146 ||  Æ || 178 ||  ▓ || 210 ||  ╥ || 242 ||  ≥
|-
| 147 ||  ô || 179 ||  │ || 211 ||  ╙ || 243 ||  ≤
|-
| 148 ||  ö || 180 ||  ┤ || 212 ||  ╘ || 244 ||  ⌠
|-
| 149 ||  ò || 181 ||  ╡ || 213 ||  ╒ || 245 ||  ⌡
|-
| 150 ||  û || 182 ||  ╢ || 214 ||  ╓ || 246 ||  ÷
|-
| 151 ||  ù || 183 ||  ╖ || 215 ||  ╫ || 247 ||  ≈
|-
| 152 ||  ÿ || 184 ||  ╕ || 216 ||  ╪ || 248 ||  °
|-
| 153 ||  Ö || 185 ||  ╣ || 217 ||  ┘ || 249 ||  ∙
|-
| 154 ||  Ü || 186 ||  ║ || 218 ||  ┌ || 250 ||  ·
|-
| 155 ||  ¢ || 187 ||  ╗ || 219 ||  █ || 251 ||  √
|-
| 156 ||  £ || 188 ||  ╝ || 220 ||  ▄ || 252 ||  ⁿ
|-
| 157 ||  ¥ || 189 ||  ╜ || 221 ||  ▌ || 253 ||  ²
|-
| 158 ||  ₧ || 190 ||  ╛ || 222 ||  ▐ || 254 ||  ■
|-
| 159 ||  ƒ || 191 ||  ┐ || 223 || ▀ || 255 ||  ''NBSP'' ***
|}
:''' * DEL was used to erase paper tape data by punching out all of the 7 holes.'''
:'''** Control characters 8 to 13 and 28 to 31 can move text formatting when [[PRINT|printed]] and do not display'''
:'''*** NBSP is a Non-breaking Space used to indent text. Some browsers may handle this character differently'''
<center>[http://www.lammertbies.nl/comm/info/ascii-characters.html More information about ASCII Control Characters] </center>
<center>[[Unicode|Unicode Character Table]]</center>
==Control Characters==
* [[INKEY$]] will return Control + letter key press combinations as the equivalent control characters or bold '''function keys''' listed below:
{{WhiteStart}} CTRL + A = CHR$(1) ☺ StartHeader (SOH) CTRL + B = CHR$(2) ☻ StartText (STX)
CTRL + C = CHR$(3) ♥ EndText (ETX) CTRL + D = CHR$(4) ♦ EndOfTransmit (EOT)
CTRL + E = CHR$(5) ♣ Enquiry (ENQ) CTRL + F = CHR$(6) ♠ Acknowledge (ACK)
CTRL + G = CHR$(7) {{text|•|red}} [[BEEP|Bell]] (BEL) CTRL + H = CHR$(8) ◘ '''[Backspace]''' (BSP)
CTRL + I = CHR$(9) {{text|○|red}} Horiz.Tab '''[Tab]''' CTRL + J = CHR$(10) {{text|◙|red}} LineFeed(printer) (LF)
CTRL + K = CHR$(11) {{text|♂|red}} Vert. Tab (VT) CTRL + L = CHR$(12) {{text|♀|red}} FormFeed(printer) (FF)
CTRL + M = CHR$(13) {{text|♪|red}} '''[Enter]''' (CR) CTRL + N = CHR$(14) ♫ ShiftOut (SO)
CTRL + O = CHR$(15) ☼ ShiftIn (SI) CTRL + P = CHR$(16) ► DataLinkEscape (DLE)
CTRL + Q = CHR$(17) ◄ DevControl1 (DC1) CTRL + R = CHR$(18) ↕ DeviceControl2 (DC2)
CTRL + S = CHR$(19) ‼ DevControl3 (DC3) CTRL + T = CHR$(20) ¶ DeviceControl4 (DC4)
CTRL + U = CHR$(21) § NegativeACK (NAK) CTRL + V = CHR$(22) ▬ Synchronous Idle (SYN)
CTRL + W = CHR$(23) ↨ EndTXBlock (ETB) CTRL + X = CHR$(24) ↑ Cancel (CAN)
CTRL + Y = CHR$(25) ↓ EndMedium (EM) CTRL + Z = CHR$(26) → End Of File(SUB) (EOF)
'''{{text|Red symbols will format text and not [[PRINT]] the symbol.|red}} [[_PRINTSTRING]] can print in QB64'''
{{WhiteEnd}}
* Control characters '''1 to 26''' can be used to simulate ''Ctrl + letter'' key shortcuts in Windows programs using [[_SCREENPRINT]].
* [[_CONTROLCHR]] OFF can also be used in QB64 to allow control characters to be printed without formatting the text.
<center>'''ASCII in Text and Printing'''</center>
* Characters '''0'''(NULL) and '''255'''(NBSP) can also be used to print spaces('''32'''). Useful for making file names harder to delete too.
* Character '''7''' will create a [[BEEP]] sound when printed in '''QB64''' or an error sound in Qbasic using a '''SCREEN 0''' window.
* Character '''8''' is returned when the '''Backspace''' key is pressed.
* Characters '''9 thru 13''' and '''28 thru 31''' can affect screen or file text placements and do not display the character when [[PRINT|printed]]:
:* Character '''9''' will '''Tab''' space the cursor 8 column spaces when printed.
:* Character '''10''' moves the cursor or ''"line feeds"'' the printer head down one row.
:* Character '''11''' vertical tabs the cursor back to top left position of page or screen. Acts like [[CLS]].
:* Character '''12''' acts like [[CLS]] when printed. ''"Form feeds"'' the page out of printers.
:* Character '''13''' is the cursor or typing '''"carriage return"''' to the start of the line on left side. Returned when '''Enter''' key pressed.
:* Character '''28''' designates a File Separator. Moves the print cursor one space right. Combination Ctrl + \
:* Character '''29''' designates a Group Separator. Moves the print cursor one space left. Combination Ctrl + ]
:* Character '''30''' designates a Record Separator. Moves the print cursor one row up. Combination Ctrl + ^
:* Character '''31''' designates a Unit Separator. Moves the print cursor one row down. Combination Ctrl + _
* '''QB64''' can display all of the control characters without formatting the text using [[_PRINTSTRING]].
* Characters '''13''' and '''10''' can be combined to create the '''CrLf''' carriage return used in files or printing. crlf$ = CHR$(13) + CHR$(10).
* Character '''16''', the data link escape(DLE) character, can designate that a control character is being sent from a [[OPEN COM|COM port]].
: ''Example:'' (DLE) <XON> <DATA PACKET> (DLE) <XOFF> or (DLE) <STX> <DATA PACKET> (DLE) <ETX>
* Character '''17''', Device Control 1, is used with [[OPEN COM|COM ports]] to mark the start of a transmission as "XON". The character is read.
* Character '''19''', Device Control 3, is used with [[OPEN COM|COM ports]] to mark the end of a transmission as "XOFF". The character is NOT read.
* Character '''26''' can be used to designate the end of a file. See [[EOF]].
* Character '''27''' '''{{text|←|green}}''' is returned when the '''Escape''' key is pressed.
<center>'''Control character [[PRINT]] actions can be controlled using [[_CONTROLCHR]] OFF or ON in QB64.'''</center>
{{CodeStart}} '' ''
{{Cl|SCREEN}} 12
{{Cl|COLOR}} 14: {{Cl|PRINT}} "Press Control + letter key combinations."
DO
K$ = {{Cl|INKEY$}}
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} {{Cl|LEN}}(K$) {{Cl|THEN}}
code = {{Cl|ASC}}(K$)
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} code < 32 {{Cl|THEN}} {{Cl|_PRINTSTRING}} (220, 100), "Ctrl + " + {{Cl|CHR$}}(code + 64) + " = " + K$ + " "
{{Cl|END IF}}
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} K$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(27)
{{Cl|END}} '' ''
{{CodeEnd}}
<center>'''ASCII Character Usage'''</center>
* Characters are one byte and take up one space(byte) in a [[STRING]] value or variable.
* Extended(non-keyboard) characters can be entered by holding down ''Alt'' key and entering the code number on the Number pad.
* [[PRINT]]s text characters and symbols or formats the screen, printer or file.
* [[BINARY]] files often store values below 256 in the one byte character. To read the value get the code with [[ASC]].
* Numerical values placed into a [[BINARY]] or [[RANDOM]] file using a [[GET]] or [[PUT]] variable, they will be stored in [[_MK$]] format.
* Characters '''176''' to '''223''' can be used to create screen borders or boundaries in an ASCII game. See: [[SCREEN (function)]]
* Character '''253'''(small 2) can be found as the first character byte of a [[BSAVE]]d image file opened in [[BINARY]] mode.
* Character '''255''' can be used as the NBSP(non-breaking space) character on web pages to fill in extra spaces.
* Can be used to crudely encrypt a file so others cannot read it by shifting the code values. See [[CHR$]] example 2.
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
==[[ASC]] Codes==
<center>'''[[ASC]] cannot read empty [[INKEY$]] = "" loop reads! Check for them before reading [[ASC]] key press codes!'''</center>
{{WhiteStart}}' '''ASCII Keyboard Codes'''
'
'''' Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 Sys ScL Pause'''
' 27 +59 +60 +61 +6
4000
2 +63 +64 +65 +66 +67 +68 +133 +134 - - -
'''' `~ 1! 2@ 3# 4$ 5% 6^ 7& 8* 9( 0) -_ =+ BkSp Ins Hme PUp NumL / * -'''
' 126 33 64 35 36 37 94 38 42 40 41 95 43 8 +82 +71 +73 - 47 42 45
''' 96 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 48 45 61''
'''' Tab Q W E R T Y U I O P [{ ]} \| Del End PDn 7Hme 8/▲ 9PU + '''
' 9 81 87 69 82 84 89 85 73 79 80 123 125 124 +83 +79 +81 +71 +72 +73 43
''' 113 119 101 114 116 121 117 105 111 112 91 93 92 55 56 57 ''
'''' CapL A S D F G H J K L ;: '" Enter 4/◄- 5 6/-►
' - 65 83 68 70 71 72 74 75 76 58 34 13 +75 +76 +77 '''E'''
''' 97 115 100 102 103 104 106 107 108 59 39 52 53 54 '' '''n'''
'''' Shift Z X C V B N M ,< .> /? Shift ▲ 1End 2/▼ 3PD t'''
' * 90 88 67 86 66 78 77 60 62 63 * +72 +79 +80 +81 '''e'''
''' 122 120 99 118 98 110 109 44 46 47 49 50 51 '' '''r'''
'''' Ctrl Win Alt Spacebar Alt Win Menu Ctrl ◄- ▼ -► 0Ins .Del '''
' * - * 32 * - - * +75 +80 +77 +82 +83 13
' '' 48 46''
'
' ''' ''Italics'' = LCase/NumLock On ____________ + = 2 Byte: CHR$(0) + CHR$(code)'''
'{{small|NOTE: The above commented table can be copied and pasted directly into the QB64 IDE}}
{{WhiteEnd}}
<center>Use '''{{text|ASC(RIGHT$(key$, 1))|green}}''' or '''{{text|ASC(key$, 2)|green}}''' in QB64 to read a two byte code when '''{{text|ASC(key$) <nowiki>=</nowiki> 0|green}}'''</center>
<center>'''* See the Two Byte Ctrl, Alt and Shift + Function key combinations below'''</center>
{{CodeStart}}' Demo displays all ASCII codes and 2 byte code combinations
{{Cl|DO...LOOP|DO}}: K$ = {{Cl|INKEY$}}
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} K$ <> "" {{Cl|THEN}} 'ASC will return an error if an empty string is read!
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} {{Cl|ASC}}(K$) > 0 {{Cl|THEN}}
{{Cl|PRINT}} "{{Cl|CHR$}}(" + {{Cl|LTRIM$}}({{Cl|STR$}}({{Cl|ASC}}(K$))) + ")" 'display normal keypress codes
{{Cl|ELSE}} {{Cl|PRINT}} "{{Cl|CHR$}}(0) + {{Cl|CHR$}}(" + {{Cl|LTRIM$}}({{Cl|STR$}}({{Cl|ASC}}(K$, 2))) + ")" 'display 2 byte codes
{{Cl|END IF}}
{{Cl|END IF}}
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} K$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(27) 'escape key press exits '' ''
{{CodeEnd}}
: ''Note:'' In QB64 [[ASC]](K$, 2) can read the second byte of the 2 byte code when [[ASC]](K$) reads the first byte as 0.
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
==Two Byte Codes==
<center>'''Two Byte ASCII Keyboard Return Values'''</center>
* [[INKEY$]] returns both bytes when two byte keys or key combinations are pressed. The second byte = [[RIGHT$]](keypress$, 1)
* If the character returned is a two byte code, [[ASC]] will return 0. '''Warning:''' ASC cannot read empty [[INKEY$]] string values!
* In '''QB64''' only, [[ASC]](keypress$, 2) can return the second byte code. Don't read empty string values!
* String values returned can be compared in an [[IF...THEN|IF]] or [[SELECT CASE]] routine by using the actual string definitions such as:
:IF INKEY$ = CHR$(0) + CHR$(80) THEN row = row + 1 '''or''' IF INKEY$ = CHR$(0) + "P" THEN row = row + 1
{{WhiteStart}} '''Two Byte Character Codes    Key                 CHR$(0) + "?" '''
CHR$(0) + CHR$(16-50) [Alt] + letter
CHR$(0) + CHR$(59) [F1] ";"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(60) [F2] "<"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(61) [F3] "="
CHR$(0) + CHR$(62) [F4] ">"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(63) [F5] "?"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(64) [F6] "@"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(65) [F7] "A"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(66) [F8] "B"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(67) [F9] "C"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(68) [F10] "D"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(71) [Home] "G"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(72) [↑] Up Arrow "H"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(73) [Page Up] "I"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(75) [←] Left Arrow "K"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(76) [5 NumberPad] "L" (NumLock off in QB64)
CHR$(0) + CHR$(77) [→] Right Arrow "M"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(79) [End] "O"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(80) [↓] Down Arrow "P"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(81) [Page Down] "Q"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(82) [Insert] "R"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(83) [Delete] "S"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(84-93) [Shift] + F1-10
CHR$(0) + CHR$(94-103) [Ctrl] + F1-10
CHR$(0) + CHR$(104-113) [Alt] + F1-10
CHR$(0) + CHR$(114-119) [Ctrl] + keypad
CHR$(0) + CHR$(120-129) [Alt] + number
CHR$(0) + CHR$(130 or 131) [Alt] + _/- or +/= "é" or "â"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(133) [F11] "à"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(134) [F12] "å"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(135) [Shift] + [F11] "ç"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(136) [Shift] + [F12] "ê"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(137) [Ctrl] + [F11] "ë"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(138) [Ctrl] + [F12] "è"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(139) [Alt] + [F11] "ï"
CHR$(0) + CHR$(140) [Alt] + [F12] "î"
{{WhiteEnd}}
:In '''QB64''', [[CVI]] can be used to get the [[_KEYDOWN]] 2-byte code value. Example: '''{{text|status <nowiki>=</nowiki> _KEYDOWN(CVI(CHR$(0) + "P"))|green}}'''
<center>'''See [[Scancodes]] for other keyboard function keys.'''</center>
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
==Code Examples==
''Example 1:'' Using arrow keys to move a text character. A change from a previous position tells program when to PRINT:
{{CodeStart}}movey = 1: movex = 1 'text coordinates can never be 0
at$ = "@" 'text sprite could be almost any ASCII character
{{Cl|LOCATE}} movey, movex: {{Cl|PRINT}} at$;
DO
px = movex: py = movey 'previous positions
B$ = {{Cl|INKEY$}}
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} B$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(0) + {{Cl|CHR$}}(72) {{Cl|AND (boolean)|AND}} movey > 1 {{Cl|THEN}} movey = movey - 1 'rows 1 to 23 only
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} B$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(0) + {{Cl|CHR$}}(80) {{Cl|AND (boolean)|AND}} movey < 23 {{Cl|THEN}} movey = movey + 1
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} B$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(0) + {{Cl|CHR$}}(75) {{Cl|AND (boolean)|AND}} movex > 1 {{Cl|THEN}} movex = movex - 1 'columns 1 to 80 only
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} B$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(0) + {{Cl|CHR$}}(77) {{Cl|AND (boolean)|AND}} movex < 80 {{Cl|THEN}} movex = movex + 1
{{Cl|IF...THEN|IF}} px <> movex {{Cl|OR (boolean)|OR}} py <> movey {{Cl|THEN}} 'only changes when needed
{{Cl|LOCATE}} py, px: {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Cl|SPACE$}}(1); 'erase old sprite
{{Cl|LOCATE}} movey, movex: {{Cl|PRINT}} at$; 'show new position
{{Cl|END IF}}
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} B$ = {{Cl|CHR$}}(27) 'ESCape key exit
{{Cl|END}}
{{CodeEnd}}
''Example 2:'' Routine displays all keypress codes including Ctrl, Alt and Shift combinations. Ctrl + letter = control codes 1 to 26.
{{CodeStart}}
'' ''
SCREEN 13
tmp$ = " CHR$(###),\\,\ \ "
tmp2$ = " CHR$(0) + CHR$(###) \ \"
COLOR 14: LOCATE 3, 3: PRINT "The code can tell what key is pressed"
COLOR 12: LOCATE 5, 14: PRINT CHR$(3); SPACE$(3);
COLOR 13: PRINT CHR$(5); SPACE$(3);
COLOR 12: PRINT CHR$(4); SPACE$(3);
COLOR 13: PRINT CHR$(6)
COLOR 10: LOCATE 7, 4: PRINT " Hit a key to find the ASCII Code"
COLOR 5: LOCATE 13, 1: PRINT " Codes below 33 are called control keys"
LOCATE 14, 1: PRINT " CHR$(0) + are 2 byte Extended key codes"
COLOR 13: LOCATE 16, 1: PRINT " Extended: Press Alt + numberpad: Enter"
LOCATE 18, 1: PRINT " Try some Ctrl, Alt, or Shift Combo's"
COLOR 5: LOCATE 20, 1: PRINT " INKEY$ is used to detect the key entry"
COLOR 2: LOCATE 22, 15: PRINT CHR$(1); " "; CHR$(2)
COLOR 4: LOCATE 24, 10: PRINT "To Quit hit the TAB key";
COLOR 9
DO
DO: {{Cl|SLEEP}}: A$ = {{Cl|INKEY$}}: LOOP UNTIL A$ <> "" 'legal ASC read keys
IF {{Cl|ASC}}(A$) > 0 THEN ' normal key codes
code% = ASC(A$)
SELECT CASE code%
CASE 7: Key$ = "Beep"
CASE 8: Key$ = "Backspace"
CASE 9: Key$ = "Tab Key"
CASE 10: Key$ = "Line Feed"
CASE 12: Key$ = "Form Feed"
CASE 13: Key$ = "Enter"
CASE 27: Key$ = "Escape"
CASE 32: Key$ = "Space Bar"
CASE 48 TO 57: Key$ = "Number"
CASE 65 TO 90: Key$ = "Uppercase"
CASE 97 TO 122: Key$ = "Lowercase"
CASE ELSE: Key$ = ""
END SELECT
SELECT CASE code% 'check for unprintable control combo characters
CASE 10 TO 13: Kcode% = 32
CASE ELSE: Kcode% = code%
END SELECT
COLOR 9: LOCATE 10, 5: {{Cl|PRINT USING}} tmp$; code%; {{Cl|CHR$}}(Kcode%); Key$;
END IF
IF {{Cl|ASC}}(A$) = 0 THEN 'two byte key codes
code% = ASC({{Cl|RIGHT$}}(A$, 1)) 'QBasic code
'code% = ASC(A$, 2) 'QB64 code alternative
SELECT CASE code%
CASE 16 TO 50: Key$ = "Alt+ letter"
CASE 72: Key$ = CHR$(24) + " Arrow"
CASE 75: Key$ = CHR$(27) + " Arrow"
CASE 77: Key$ = CHR$(26) + " Arrow"
CASE 80: Key$ = CHR$(25) + " Arrow"
CASE 83: Key$ = "Delete"
CASE 59: Key$ = "F1"
CASE 60: Key$ = "F2"
CASE 61: Key$ = "F3"
CASE 62: Key$ = "F4"
CASE 63: Key$ = "F5"
CASE 64: Key$ = "F6"
CASE 65: Key$ = "F7"
CASE 66: Key$ = "F8"
CASE 67: Key$ = "F9"
CASE 68: Key$ = "F10"
CASE 71: Key$ = "Home"
CASE 73: Key$ = "Page " + CHR$(24)
CASE 79: Key$ = "End"
CASE 81: Key$ = "Page " + CHR$(25)
CASE 82: Key$ = "Insert"
CASE 83: Key$ = "Delete"
CASE 84 TO 93: Key$ = "Shift+ F"
CASE 94 TO 103: Key$ = "Ctrl+ F"
CASE 104 TO 113: Key$ = "Alt+ F"
CASE 114 TO 119: Key$ = "Ctrl + pad"
CASE 120 TO 129: Key$ = "Alt+ number"
CASE 132: Key$ = "Ctrl + pad"
CASE 133: Key$ = "F11"
CASE 134: Key$ = "F12"
CASE 135: Key$ = "Shift+ F11"
CASE 136: Key$ = "Shift+ F12"
CASE 137: Key$ = "Ctrl+ F11"
CASE 138: Key$ = "Ctrl+ F12"
CASE 139: Key$ = "Alt+ F11"
CASE 140: Key$ = "Alt+ F12"
CASE ELSE: Key$ = ""
END SELECT
LOCATE 10, 5: {{Cl|PRINT USING}} tmp2$; code%; Key$
END IF
LOOP UNTIL A$ = CHR$(9)
SOUND 400, 4
SLEEP 3
SYSTEM '' ''
{{CodeEnd}}
{{small|Code by Ted Weissgerber}}
''Explanation:'' The routine checks for a keypress and [[SLEEP]] guarantees that [[ASC]] will never read an empty string from INKEY$. When the keypress is determined to be two bytes ([[ASC]](A$) = 0) the second SELECT CASE routine is used. You can even display non-keyboard extended characters. Just press Alt + numberpad code, release and press enter.
:::Note: Ctrl + letter keys will list the contol keys as normal codes. EX: Ctrl + G will BEEP (CHR$(7)).
<p style="text-align: center">([[#toc|Return to Table of Contents]])</p>
==References==
''Printable ASCII Table:'' [[_PRINTIMAGE]] (see Example 2 on page)
{{PageSeeAlso}}
* [[_KEYHIT]], [[_KEYDOWN]]
* [[_MAPUNICODE]], [[_MAPUNICODE (function)]]
* [[Code Pages]] {{text|(Various Unicode Languages)}}
* [[ASC (statement)]] {{text|(QB64 only)}}
* [[ASC]], [[INSTR]]
* [[CHR$]], [[INKEY$]]
* [[LEFT$]], [[MID$]], [[RIGHT$]]
* [[PRINT]], [[SCREEN]]
* [[MKI$]], [[MKL$]], [[MKS$]], [[MKD$]], [[_MK$]]
* [[_PRINTSTRING]], [[_SCREENPRINT]]
* [[_CONTROLCHR]] {{text|(turns control PRINT actions OFF/ON)}}
* [[Scancodes]](keyboard), [[Unicode]](character table)
* [[Text Using Graphics]]
{{PageNavigation}}
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