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803 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
803 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
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The following **DOS BIOS** information can be used on Windows 9x machines. Not necessarily XP or NT! Each routine includes the hexadecimal and decimal registers.
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> **NOTE: Few of these addresses are currenly accessable in QB64! Some may never be due to OS changes.**
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> **DEF SEG = 0 LOW MEMORY PORT ADDRESSES**
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> #### #### #### #### #### #### ####
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> **PORT # | FUNCTION, DESCRIPTION OR COMMENTS FOR USE**
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> #### #### #### #### #### #### #### #### #### #### =
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## TIMER
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* **&H42 (66)**
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> SETS TIMER CHIP TO PRODUCE A FREQUENCY 20 TO 20,000 HZ:
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```vb
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A = INT(1193182 / F)
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H = INT(A / 256)
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L = A - H * 256
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OUT 66, L: OUT 66, H
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```
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* **&H43 (67)**
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> OUT 67, 182 PREPARES TIMER CHIP TO RECEIVE A VALUE.
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* **&H46C - &H46E (1132 - 1134)**
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> ticks& = PEEK (1132) + 256 * PEEK (1133) + 65536 + PEEK (1134)
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> WILL PROVIDE THE NUMBER OF CLOCK TICKS SINCE MIDNIGHT 1 TO 1,533,039 (18.2 PER SEC)
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> USING A ONE TICK TIMER LOOP:
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```vb
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DEF SEG = 0 ' set to PEEK and POKE TIMER
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POKE (1132), 0 ' zero Timer ticks
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DO
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key = INP(&H60)
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LOOP UNTIL PEEK(1132) >= 1 ' until one tick (@ 1/18th sec.) has passed
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DEF SEG
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```
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* **&H470 = 1136)**
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DETERMINING THE DATE n DAYS FROM NOW.
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```vb
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A$ = DATE$: PRINT A$ 'IMPORTANT! save original date!
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IF n <= 255 THEN POKE 1136, n
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IF n > 255 THEN
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FOR D = 1 TO n: POKE 1136, 1: NEXT D
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END IF
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laterdate$ = DATE$
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PRINT laterdate$ 'resulting date n days from today
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DATE$ = A$ 'restore original computer date!
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```
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## HARDWARE
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* **&H61 (97)**
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> OUT 97,INP(97) OR 3 TO 'TURN THE SPEAKER ON.
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> OUT 97,INP(97) OR 8 TO 'TURN THE CASSETTE MOTOR OFF.
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> OUT 97,INP(97) AND 247 'TO TURN THE CASSETTE MOTOR ON.
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> OUT 97,INP(97) AND 252 'TO TURN THE SPEAKER OFF.
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> POKE (97),PEEK(97) OR 128 ' DISABLES PC/XT KEYBOARDS.
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> POKE (97),PEEK(97) AND 127 ' ENABLES PC/XT KEYBOARDS.
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## PRINTER
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* **&H62 (98)**
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> PEEK (98) PROVIDES CURRENT PRINTER WIDTH.
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> POKE 98, w" SETS CURRENT PRINTER WIDTH TO w.
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* **&H6C - &H6F (108 - 111)**
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> POKE 108, 83: POKE 109, 255: POKE 110,0: POKE 111,240 'DISABLE CTRL-BRK.
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> POKE 108, 240: POKE 109, 32: POKE 110,3: POKE 111,12 ' ENABLES CTRL-BRK.
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## DISK
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* **&H43F (1087)**
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Determining the status of a drive motor:
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```vb
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IF PEEK(1087) AND 128 = 128 THEN PRINT "drive write in progress"
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IF PEEK(1087) AND 15 = 0 THEN PRINT "No drive being written to"
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```
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Drive$ designated is A, B, C or D, and the letter must be in uppercase.
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```vb
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IF PEEK(1087) AND 2 ^ (ASC (Drive$) - 65) THEN PRINT "Drive: " Drive$
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```
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> **NOTE:** These value are not affected if an OUT was used to turn on the motor.
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* **&H440 (1088)**
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To turn on drive D for n seconds, where n is at MOST 14! :
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```vb
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POKE 1088, 18 + 2 * n
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OUT 1010, 2 ^ (ASC("D") - 61) + ASC("D") - 53 '1010 = &H3F2
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```
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> **NOTE:** Location 1088 holds the countdown, in clock ticks, until the motor is shut off. To turn off all drives, send: OUT 1010, 12
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* **&H445 (1093) **
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track = PEEK(1093) 'determine the diskette track that was last accessed
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* **&H446 (1094)**
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head = PEEK(1094) 'determine which diskette head (0 or 1) was last accessed
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* **&H447 (1095)**
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sector = PEEK(1095) 'determine which diskette sector was last accessed
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* **&H448 (1096)**
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bytes = 128 * 2 ^ PEEK(1096) 'number of bytes per sector on a diskette
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* **&H78 - &H7B (120 - 123)**
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The diskette parameter table consists of 11 bytes
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```vb
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DEF SEG = 0
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D = PEEK(120) + 256 * PEEK(121) ' get value of Diskette
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DEF SEG = PEEK(122) + 256 * PEEK(123) 'set to derive the following table
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track = (PEEK(D) AND 240) \ 8 'time(milliseconds) required for diskette drive to move track to track
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HUT = (PEEK(D) AND 15) * 32 ' head unload time(milliseconds) after read or write has occurred
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HLT = (PEEK(D + 1) AND 240) \ 4 'head load time (in milliseconds)
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DirMode = (PEEK(D + 1) AND 15) 'Direct Memory Access mode
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WT = PEEK(D + 2) 'wait time until turning the motor off
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BPS = PEEK(D + 3) 'number of bytes per sector on the disk. FOR v = 0 TO 3: 128 * 2 ^ v bytes per sector,
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SPT = PEEK(D + 4) 'number of sectors per track, usually 8 or 9
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GapLen = PEEK(D + 5) 'gap length (in bytes) between sectors
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DatLen = PEEK(D + 6) 'data length read or written into a sector when sector length not specified
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GFLen = PEEK(D + 7) 'gap length used when formatting
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FVal = PEEK(D + 8) 'value format operation uses to initialize diskette sectors, usually 256
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HST = PEEK(D + 9) 'number of milliseconds for the heads to stabilize
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MST = PEEK(D + 10) 'number of eighths of a second for motor startup
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DEF SEG
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```
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> **WARNING: Changing the values of PEEK(D + 3) and PEEK(D + 4) can modify the way that diskettes are read and might require you to format your diskettes manually!**
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* **&H504 (1284)**
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If a single diskette drive is used for both drives A: and B:, current role is:
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> PRINT "Current Drive: " + CHR$(65 + PEEK(1284))
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* **&H475 (1141)**
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numHD% = PEEK (1141) 'provides number of hard drives installed
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* **&H413 - &H414 (1043-44)**
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PEEK (1043) + 256 * PEEK(1044) 'indicates the RAM installed in kilobytes
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* **&H3F2 (1010)**
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OUT 1010, 12 'will turn off all drives
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## PORTS
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**PRINTER LPT Ports**
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> &H411
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> numLPT% = (PEEK (1041) AND 192) / 64 = the number of LPT printer adaptors installed.
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> &H406, &H407
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> firstLPT = PEEK(1030 + 2 * n) + PEEK(1031 + 2 * n) * 256
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To swap two printers, interchange their initial port numbers.
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Denote the first port associated with LPTn by Pn. The value
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of P1 will be 956 if LPT1 is attached to the IBM monochrome display
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and parallel printer adapter.
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**RS-232 Serial port INTERFACE**
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> &H411
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The number of RS-232 cards attached can be found with: (PEEK(1041) AND 14)/2
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> To determine the first of the seven ports associated with COMn:
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> &H3FE, &H3FF
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> PEEK(1022 + 2 * n) + 256 * PEEK(1023 + 2 * n).
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> If this number is 0, then COMn is not available.
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To swap two RS-232 interfaces, interchange their initial port numbers.
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Denote the initial port associated with COMn by Pn (Base).
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Normally, the value of P1 is 1016 and the value of P2 is 760.
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Interrupt enabling: Base + 1 address
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OUT Pn + 1, 1 enables an interrupt when a character has been received
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OUT Pn + 1, 2 enables an interrupt when a character has been transmitted
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OUT Pn + 1, 4 enables an interrupt when an error has occurred
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OUT Pn + 1, 8 enables an interrupt when the modem status has changed
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To enable several of the above interrupts at the same time, OUT the
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sum of the associated numbers to port Pn + 1.
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To identify interrupts, use the port number determined above Base + 2:
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X = INP(Pn + 2).
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IntSet% = X AND 1 'has a value of 1 as long as no interrupts have been
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'issued because of communications port activity.
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IntHi% = X AND 6 'is used to identify the highest priority interrupt
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'pending, as indicated in the table "Interrupt Control
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'Functions" in the IBM Technical Reference manual.
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To establish the number of data bits (d), the number of stop bits (s), Base + 3
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and the parity (p = 0 for no parity, p = 1 for odd parity, p = 3 for even parity),
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Send: OUT Pn + 3, (d - 5) + (4 * (s - 1) + 8 * p).
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To establish the baud rate: address = Base, Base + 1, Base + 3
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H = INP(Pn + 3): OUT Pn + 3, H OR 128:
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OUT Pn, DL: OUT Pn + 1, DH: OUT Pn + 3, H.
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Use values DL = 128 and DH = 1 for 300
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baud, and DL=96 and DH=0 for baud rate 1200.
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Otherwise, DL = d MOD 256 and DH = d \ 256
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Where d is the divisor number given by the IBM Technical Reference manual
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in the table "Baud Rate at 1.853 MHz."
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To produce a break signal: address = Base + 3
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X = INP(Pn + 3)
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OUT Pn + 3, X OR 64:PLAY "MF":SOUND 32767,6: SOUND 32767,1: OUT Pn+3,X.
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The PLAY and SOUND statements produce a delay of 1/3 second.
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To control the modem, use: address = Base + 4
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OUT Pn + 4, 1 to assert that the data terminal is ready (DTR)
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OUT Pn + 4, 2 to raise a request to send (RTS)
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OUT Pn + 4, 16 to perform loopback testing
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To accomplish several of the above tasks simultaneously, OUT the sum of the
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associated numbers to port Pn + 4.
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To determine the status of data transfer, begin with Base + 5:
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LET X = INP(Pn + 5). Now:
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idle% = X AND 64 'has a value of 64 if the transmitter shift register is idle
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ready% = X AND 32 'is 32 if the transmitter holding register is ready to
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'accept a character for transmission
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break% = X AND 16 'has the value 16 if the received data input is held in the
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'spacing state too long (that is, if a break was received)
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nostop% = X AND 8 'has the value 8 if the received character did not have a
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'valid stop bit; that is, if a framing error occurred
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noPar% = X AND 4 'has the value 4 if the received character does not have correct
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'parity
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overR% = X AND 2 'is 2 if the received data destroyed the previous character
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'(an overrun error)
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RecRead% = X AND 1 'has value 1 if a character is ready to be read from received
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'buffer register
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INP(Pn) will read the ASCII value of a character from the serial port,
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IF (INP(Pn + 5) AND 1) = 1 THEN char$ = CHR$(INP(Pn))
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You can use OUT Pn, m to write the character with ASCII value m to the serial
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read Base + 5 first:
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IF (INP(Pn + 5) AND 32) = 32 THEN
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To determine the status of the modem, use Base + 6:
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X = INP(Pn + 6). Then:
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X AND 128 has the value 128 if a Carrier signal has been detected
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X AND 64 is 64 if the modem is ringing
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X AND 32 has a value of 32 if the modem has asserted Data Set Ready
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X AND 16 is 16 if the modem has asserted Clear to Send
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X AND 8 is 8 if the Carrier Detect has changed state
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X AND 4 has the value 4 if the Ring Indicator input has changed from On to Off
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X AND 2 is 2 if the Data Set Ready input has changed state since last read
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X AND 1 has a value of 1 if the Clear to Send input has changed since last read
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&H3FE = 1022
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> PROVIDES INFORMATION RELATED TO RS232 COMMUNICATIONS PORTS:
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> PEEK(1022 + 2 * n) + PEEK(1023 + 2 * n) * 256
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> WHERE COMn value = 0 IF COMn: IS NOT AVAILABLE.
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> &H411 = 1041
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> (PEEK (1041) AND 14)/2 'WILL PROVIDE NUMBER OF Serial RS232 PORTS INSTALLED.
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> (PEEK (1041) AND 16)/16 'WILL PROVIDE NUMBER OF GAME PORTS INSTALLED.
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> (PEEK (1041) AND 192)/64 'WILL PROVIDE NUMBER OF LPT Ports INSTALLED.
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&H408 = 1032 | Provides Information on PRINTER PORTS (LPT)
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> FOR i% = 1 TO 3
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> lpt% = PEEK(&H408 + (i% - 1) * 2) + PEEK(&H408 + (i% - 1) * 2 + 1) * 256
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> LOCATE , 23: PRINT "LPT"; HEX$(i%);
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> IF lpt% = 0 THEN
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> PRINT " not found"
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> ELSE : PRINT " found at &H"; HEX$(lpt%); " ("; LTRIM$(STR$(lpt%)); ")"
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> END IF
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> IF lpt% = 888 THEN port378% = i% ' usually the LPT1 port printer address
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> NEXT
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## DISPLAY
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> **DEF SEG = 0 MONITOR INFORMATION**
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> #### #### #### #### #### ##
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> To check the type of display:
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> &H410 = 1040
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> PEEK(1040) AND 48 = 0 ' is no monitors ' &H410
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> PEEK(1040) AND 48 = 16 ' is a 40 x 25 graphics monitor
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> PEEK(1040) AND 48 = 32 ' is a 80 x 25 graphics monitor
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> PEEK(1040) AND 48 = 48 ' is a monochrome display
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> To select a display:
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> POKE 1040, PEEK(1040) OR 48 ' Monochrome
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> SCREEN 0: WIDTH 80: LOCATE ,,1,0,0
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> POKE 1040,(PEEK(1040) AND 207) OR 16 ' graphics
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> SCREEN 1,0,0,0:WIDTH 80:LOCATE ,,1,0,0.
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> &H44A, &H44B = 1098, 1099 ' (DEF SEG = 0)
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> columns = PEEK(1098) + 256 * PEEK(1099) 'gives the present screen width in columns.
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> (DEF SEG = 64)
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> DEF SEG = &H40: textcols = PEEK(&H4A): DEF SEG
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> &H44E, &H44F = 1102, 1103
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Graphics screen contents stored in a buffer at:
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> PEEK(1102) + 256 * PEEK(1103).
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memory that physically resides on a graphics board.
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> &H44C, &H44D = 1100, 1101
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> PEEK(1100) + 256 * PEEK(1101) ' Buffer size
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> The cursor locations for the various pages are given as follows:
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> Let CR(n) and CC(n) be the Cursor Row and Cursor Column for page n.
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> &H450, &H451 = 1004, 1005
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> PEEK(1105) + 2 * n) ' has a value of CR(n) - 1,
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> PEEK(1104 + 2 * n) ' has a value of CC(n) - 1.
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> &H460 to &H462 = 1120 to 1122
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> The shape of the cursor can be set as follows: LOCATE ,,,I,J.
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> :PEEK(1121) AND 31 ' has value I
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> :PEEK(1120) AND 31 ' has value J.
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> :PEEK(1121) AND 32 ' = 32 then cursor is not displayed.
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> :PEEK(1122) ' will equal the active visual page.
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To determine the active 6845 index register:
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&H463 &H464
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"PEEK(1123) + 256 * PEEK(1124)" = 948 if monochrome display board in use.
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= 980 for the color/graphics adapter.
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To check the 6845 mode settings:
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&H465
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PEEK(1125) AND 1 has value 1 if in text mode, width 80
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PEEK(1125) AND 2 has value 2 if in graphics mode
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PEEK(1125) AND 4 has value 4 if color is disabled.
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PEEK(1125) AND 8 has value 8 if video is enabled.
|
||
|
PEEK(1125) AND 16 has value 16 if in high-resolution graphics mode
|
||
|
PEEK(1125) AND 32 has value 32 if blinking is enabled
|
||
|
|
||
|
Background color and palette selected by COLOR bg,fc :
|
||
|
&H466
|
||
|
bg = (PEEK(1126) AND 15) 'background color
|
||
|
fc = (PEEK(1126) AND 32)/32 'fore color
|
||
|
bc = PEEK(1126) MOD 16 'border color
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H410 = 1040
|
||
|
> :| (PEEK (1040) AND 1) * (1 + PEEK (1040)) \ 64 PROVIDES NUMBER OF DRIVES.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1040) AND 48
|
||
|
> :| 0 = NO MONITOR INSTALLED.
|
||
|
> :| 16 = 40 x 25 GRAPHICS.
|
||
|
> :| 32 = 80 x 25 GRAPHICS.
|
||
|
> :| 48 = MONOCHROME.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :| "POKE (1040), PEEK(1040) OR 48" SELECTS MONOCHROME DISPLAY.
|
||
|
> :| "POKE (1040), PEEK(1040) AND 207 OR 32" SELECTS 80 x 25 GRAPHICS.
|
||
|
> ::NOTE: | SCREEN 0,0,0:WIDTH 80 SHOULD BE USED BEFORE CALLING MONOCHROME.
|
||
|
> ::NOTE: | SCREEN 1,0,0,0:WIDTH 80 SHOULD BE USED BEFORE CALLING 80 x 25 GRAPHICS
|
||
|
> ::NOTE: | SAVE VALUES IN PORTS 1097 THRU 1126 IN AN ARRAY FOR RESTORING IN THE EVENT THAT YOU WANT TO CHANGE BACK TO ORIGINAL DISPLAY WITH CONFIDENCE
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H449 = 1097 PEEK (1097) PROVIDES DISPLAY MODE INFORMATION:
|
||
|
> : 0 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 40, NO COLOR.
|
||
|
> : 1 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 40, COLOR.
|
||
|
> : 2 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 80, NO COLOR.
|
||
|
> : 3 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 80, COLOR.
|
||
|
> : 4 = MEDIUM GRAPHICS MODE, COLOR.
|
||
|
> : 5 = MEDIUM GRAPHICS MODE, NO COLOR.
|
||
|
> : 6 = HIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHICS.
|
||
|
> : 7 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 80, MONOCHROME.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H449 - &H44A = 1097-98
|
||
|
> : | POKE (1097),4:POKE (1098),40 ' PROVIDES SCREEN 2 WITH WIDTH 40.
|
||
|
> : | POKE (1097),6:POKE (1098),80 ' PROVIDES SCREEN 2 WITH WIDTH 80.
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H44C, &H44D, &H44E, &H44F = 1100-03 CONTAINS CONTENTS OF GRAPHICS MEMORY RESIDING ON THE DISPLAY CARD.
|
||
|
> : | SIZE = PEEK(1100) + 256 * PEEK(1101)
|
||
|
> : | LOCATION = PEEK(1102) + 256 * PEEK(1103)
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H450 - &H451 = 1104-05 CONTAINS CURSON LOCATIONS FOR VARIOUS GRAPHICS MEMORY PAGES.
|
||
|
> :| COL = PEEK(1104 + 2 * n)
|
||
|
> :| ROW = PEEK(1105 + 2 * n)" WHERE n IS THE PAGE.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H460 = 1120
|
||
|
> :| J = PEEK (1120) AND 31 ' REFLECTS VALUE OF LOCATE ,,,I,J.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H461 = 1121
|
||
|
> :| I = PEEK (1121) AND 31 ' REFLECTS VALUE OF LOCATE ,,,I,J.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1121) AND 32 = 32 ' IF CURSOR ON / 0 IF OFF.
|
||
|
> :| POKE (1121),PEEK (1121) OR 32 ' TURNS OFF CURSOR.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H462 = 1122
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1122) ' RETURNS THE NUMBER OF ACTIVE SCREEN PAGES.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H465 = 1125
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1125) AND 1 = 1 ' IF ACTIVE CRT IS TEXT MODE WIDTH 80.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1125) AND 2 = 2 ' IF ACTIVE CRT IS IN GRAPHICS MODE.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1125) AND 4 = 4 ' IF ACTIVE CRT HAS COLOR DISABLED.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1125) AND 8 = 8 ' IF ACTIVE CRT HAS NOT BEEN BLANKED.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1125) AND 16 = 16 ' IF ACTIVE CRT IS IN HIGH RES. GRAPHICS.
|
||
|
> :| PEEK (1125) AND 32 = 32 ' IF ACTIVE CRT BLINKING IS ENABLED.
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H466 = 1126
|
||
|
> CONTAINS THE BACKGROUND COLOR AND PALETTE VALUES WHEN DISPLAY IS IN MEDIUM RESOLUTION.
|
||
|
> :| WHERE COLOR b, p:
|
||
|
> :| b = PEEK (1126) AND 15
|
||
|
> :| p = (PEEK(1126) AND 32)/32
|
||
|
> WHILE IN TEXT MODE, IT CONTAINS THE FOREGROUND AND BACKGROUND.
|
||
|
> :| WHERE COLOR f, b:
|
||
|
> :| f = PEEK (1126) AND 16
|
||
|
> :| b = PEEK(1126) MOD 16
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H7C, &H7D, &H7E, &H7F, &H80 = 124 - 128
|
||
|
> :| CONTAINS EXTENDED CHARACTER SET 128 THRU 254 IN GRAPHICS MODE.
|
||
|
> :| "n = PEEK (124) + 256 * PEEK (125)" WILL BE CHR$(128).
|
||
|
> :| "n = PEEK (126) + 256 * PEEK (127)" WILL BE CHR$(129).
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H3BE = 985
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :| "POKE (985), x" CHANGES GRAPHICS COLOR WHERE x IS COLOR.
|
||
|
|
||
|
* **&H74 - 75 (116-117)** VIDEO PARAMETER TABLE.
|
||
|
> : **BE CAREFUL! - CHANGES HERE COULD PHYSICALLY DAMAGE A MONITOR!**
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
## KEYBOARD
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::::**KEYBOARD Buffer**
|
||
|
> ::::#### ##
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H41A = 1050: &H41C = 1052
|
||
|
> :Keyboard buffer begins at PEEK(1050) + 1024 and ends at PEEK(1052) + 1023.
|
||
|
> :Ordinary characters use every other location. Extended characters use two locations, the first location containing the null character (CHR$(0)).
|
||
|
> ::POKE 1050, PEEK(1052) ' clears the keyboard buffer.
|
||
|
> :Buffer contents can be read by PEEK without being removed from the buffer.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::::::::**CTRL-Break**
|
||
|
> &H6C, &H6D, &H6E, &H6F = 108 to 111
|
||
|
> :Before disabling Ctrl-Break, use PEEK to record the bytes in locations 108-111 !
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::FOR I = 0 TO 3: Array(I) = PEEK(108 + I): NEXT I
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :To disable Ctrl-Break, enter:
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::FOR I = 0 TO 3: POKE(108 + I), PEEK(112 + I): NEXT I.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :To re-enable Ctrl-Break enter saved values from Array:
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::FOR I = 0 TO 3: POKE(108 + I), Array(I): NEXT I
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H471 = 1137
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :ChkCtrl% = PEEK(1137) AND 128 = 128 ' if Ctrl-Break used since start of a program.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> : NOTE: NT and XP computers will block some keyboard OUT changes!
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H61 = 97
|
||
|
> :To disable the keyboard (PC & XT only), send OUT 97, INP(97) OR 128.
|
||
|
> :To enable the keyboard (PC & XT only), send OUT 97, INP(97) AND 127.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H21 = 33
|
||
|
To disable all keyboard interrupts: OUT 33, 130.
|
||
|
To enable keyboard interrupts: OUT 33, 128.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> For the PC-AT only, the green lights that indicate CapsLock, NumLock and the ScrollLock status can be turned on and off without altering any of the states.
|
||
|
> :: NOTE: NT or XP will block access to the keyboard lights!
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H60 = 96
|
||
|
> The statement: OUT 96, 237: OUT 96, n produces the following results:
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::n = 7 all indicators on
|
||
|
> ::n = 6 ScrollLock indicator off, others on
|
||
|
> ::n = 5 NumLock indicator off, others on
|
||
|
> ::n = 4 CapsLock indicator on, others off
|
||
|
> ::n = 3 CapsLock indicator off, others on
|
||
|
> ::n = 2 NumLock indicator on, others off
|
||
|
> ::n = 1 ScrollLock indicator on, others off
|
||
|
> ::n = 0 all indicators off
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H417 = 1047
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 1 = 1 ' IF RIGHT SHIFT IS PRESSED
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 2 = 2 ' IF LEFT SHIFT IS PRESSED
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 4 = 4 ' IF CTRL KEY IS PRESSED.
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 8 = 8 ' IF ALT KEY IS PRESSED.
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 16 = 16 ' IF SCROLL LOCK IS ON / 0 IF OFF.
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 32 = 32 ' IF NUMBER PAD IS ON / 0 IF OFF.
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 64 = 64 ' IF CAPS LOCK IS ON / 0 IF OFF.
|
||
|
> : PEEK (1047) AND 128 = 128 ' IF INSERT MODE IS ON / 0 IF OFF.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::ENABLING MODES(will not affect lights)
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) OR 16 ' ENABLES SCROLL LOCK.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) OR 32 ' ENABLES NUMBER LOCK.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) OR 64 ' ENABLES CAPS LOCK.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) OR 128 ' ENABLES INSERT MODE.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::DISABLING MODES(will not affect lights)
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) AND 239 ' TURNS OFF SCROLL LOCK.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) AND 223 ' TURNS OFF NUMBER LOCK.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) AND 191 ' TURNS OFF CAPS LOCK.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) AND 127 ' TURNS OFF INSERT MODE.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::ALTERNATING MODES(will not affect lights)
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) XOR 16 ' CHANGES SCROLL LOCK MODE.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) XOR 32 ' CHANGES NUMBER LOCK MODE.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) XOR 64 ' CHANGES CAPS LOCK MODE.
|
||
|
> : POKE (1047),PEEK (1047) XOR 128 ' CHANGES INSERT MODE.
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::::XP codes for Alt and Ctrl
|
||
|
> ::: DEF SEG = 0
|
||
|
> ::: DO
|
||
|
> :::: IF PEEK(1047) MOD 16 = 8 THEN SOUND 1000, 1: REM Alt
|
||
|
> :::: IF PEEK(1047) MOD 16 = 4 THEN SOUND 100, 1: REM Ctrl
|
||
|
> :::: IF INKEY$ = CHR$(27) THEN EXIT DO
|
||
|
> ::: LOOP
|
||
|
> ::: DEF SEG
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H41A = 1050
|
||
|
> : | KEYBOARD INPUT BUFFER STORED AT "PEEK(1050) + 1024" TO "PEEK(1052) + 1053"
|
||
|
> :: EACH CHARACTER HAS 2 BYTES RESERVED TO COVER EXTENDED CHARACTERS.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
## OTHER
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> &H50F = 1295
|
||
|
> :| POKE 1295,2
|
||
|
> :SYSTEM WILL LEAVE THE BASIC(A) FLAG SET TO INDICATE A SHELL TO DOS HAS OCCURRED AND PREVENT ACCESS TO BASIC(A) AGAIN.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::**SPEAKER &H61**
|
||
|
> :::::###
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
To turn the speaker on, use: OUT 97,INP(97) OR 3
|
||
|
Conversely, to turn the speaker off: OUT 97, INP(97) AND 252
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::**CASETTE PORT CONTROL &H61**
|
||
|
> :::::#### #### #### #### =
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
To turn the cassette motor on: OUT 97,INP(97) AND 247
|
||
|
To turn the cassette motor off: OUT 97,INP(97) OR 8
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> ::::**MISCELLANEOUS**
|
||
|
> ::::####
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H411
|
||
|
1041 (PEEK (1041) AND 16)/16 = number of game adaptors attached.
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H413
|
||
|
1043 PEEK(1043) + 256 * PEEK(1044) = size of RAM in KB.
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H46C
|
||
|
1132 PEEK(1132) + 256 * PEEK(1133) + 65536 PEEK(1134) = number of ticks since midnight.
|
||
|
With 18.2 ticks per second up to 1,533,039.
|
||
|
Memory locations 1264 to 1279 are not used by either DOS or BASIC.
|
||
|
Data can be passed from one program to another by POKEing and PEEKING.
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H50F
|
||
|
1295 To exit BASIC and complicate reinvoking it, you can:
|
||
|
POKE 1295, 2: SYSTEM.
|
||
|
Memory location 1295 is set to 2 when the BASIC command SHELL is executed.
|
||
|
|
||
|
&H510 - &H511
|
||
|
1296-7 The segment number of BASIC's data segment may be found with:
|
||
|
|
||
|
PEEK(1296) + 256 * PEEK(1297)
|
||
|
|
||
|
## BASICA
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::::NOTE: DEF SEG BASIC(A) MEMORY PORT ADDRESSES
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
> :::**PORT # | FUNCTION, DESCRIPTION OR COMMENTS FOR USE**
|
||
|
> :::#### #### #### #### #### #### #### #### #### #### =
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
11-13 | USED BY BASIC(A) FOR RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION.
|
||
|
|
||
|
40 | CONTAINS LAST ERROR NUMBER IN BASIC(A).
|
||
|
|
||
|
41 | BASIC(A) SCROLLING LIMITER - SEE# 91 FOR MORE DETAILS.
|
||
|
|
||
|
44-45 | CONTAINS BASIC(A) ENVIRONMENT EQUATIONS.
|
||
|
|
||
|
46-47 | "PEEK (46)+256*PEEK(47)" RETURNS CURRENT BASIC(A) LINE NUMBER.
|
||
|
|
||
|
72 | "PEEK(72)" RETURNS CURRENT SCREEN MODE:
|
||
|
0 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 40, COLOR BURST DISABLED.
|
||
|
1 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 40, COLOR BURST ENABLED.
|
||
|
2 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 80, COLOR BURST DISABLED.
|
||
|
3 = TEXT MODE, WIDTH 80, COLOR BURST ENABLED.
|
||
|
4 = MEDIUM RESOLUTION GRAPHICS, COLOR BURST ENABLED.
|
||
|
5 = MEDIUM RESOLUTION GRAPHICS, COLOR BURST DISABLED.
|
||
|
6 = HIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHICS, COLOR BURST DISABLED.
|
||
|
7 = MONOCHROME DISPLAY.
|
||
|
|
||
|
75 | "PEEK(75)" DETERMINES TEXT MODE FOREGROUND COLOR.
|
||
|
|
||
|
76 | "PEEK(76)" DETERMINES TEXT MODE BACKGROUND COLOR.
|
||
|
|
||
|
77 | "PEEK(77)" DETERMINES TEXT MODE BORDER COLOR.
|
||
|
|
||
|
78 | "PEEK(78) AND 3" DETERMINES MEDIUM RESOLUTION TEXT COLOR.
|
||
|
"POKE 78,c" SETS MEDIUM RES. TO COLOR c=(1/2/3) OF PALETTE.
|
||
|
|
||
|
81 | "POKE (81) AND 15" PROVIDES MEDIUM RES. BACKGROUND COLOR.
|
||
|
|
||
|
82 | "POKE (82) MOD 2" PROVIDES MEDIUM PALETTE.
|
||
|
|
||
|
86 | "POKE (86)" PROVIDES CURSOR ROW NUMBER.
|
||
|
|
||
|
87 | "POKE (87)" PROVIDES CURSOR COLUMN NUMBER.
|
||
|
|
||
|
91-92 | USED TO CREATE SCROLLING LIMITERS.
|
||
|
"POKE 41, c: POKE 91, a: POKE 92, b"
|
||
|
WHERE: a=STARTING LINE b=ENDING LINE c=NUMBER OF POSITIONS.
|
||
|
| "POKE 92,0" WILL PREVENT ALL SCROLLING.
|
||
|
| "POKE 92,25" WILL SCROLL ALL 25 LINES.
|
||
|
|
||
|
100 | "PEEK (100)" RETURNS 1 IF CASSETTE MOTOR OFF / 0 IF OFF.
|
||
|
|
||
|
113 | "PEEK (113)" DETERMINES IF SOFTKEYS DISPLAYED.
|
||
|
0 = IF SOFTKEYS NOT DISPLAYED.
|
||
|
1 = ALWAYS DISPAYED.
|
||
|
255 = INVOKED BY "KEY ON"
|
||
|
|
||
|
835-836 | "PEEK (835) + 256 * PEEK(836)" POINTS TO LAST STATEMENT EXECUTED.
|
||
|
|
||
|
837-838 | "PEEK (837) +256 * PEEK(838)" MEMORY LOCATION BY THE BASIC(A) STACK POINTER.
|
||
|
|
||
|
839-840 | "PEEK (839) + 256 * PEEK(840)" LINE NUMBER OF LAST BASIC(A) ERROR.
|
||
|
BASIC(A) STACK POINTER.
|
||
|
|
||
|
845-846 | "PEEK (845)+256*PEEK (846)" LINE NUMBER POINTED TO BY BASIC(A)
|
||
|
ON ERROR GOTO STATEMENT.
|
||
|
|
||
|
848-849 | "PEEK (848)+256*PEEK (849)" RETURNS BASIC(A) DATA SEGMENT.
|
||
|
|
||
|
862-863 | "PEEK (848)+256*PEEK (849)" POINTS TO NEXT BYTE OF LAST BASIC(A) DATA MOST
|
||
|
RECENLTY READ. (READ DATA LOOP)
|
||
|
|
||
|
1116 | "PEEK (1116)" RETURNS MINIMUM ALLOWABLE VALUE FOR ARRAY SUBSCRIPTS
|
||
|
|
||
|
1124 | "PEEK (1124) = 0 IF FILE IN MEMORY NOT PROTECTED.
|
||
|
|
||
|
1125 | "POKE 1125,255" PROTECTS BASIC(A) FILE IN MEMORY.
|
||
|
"PEEK (1125) AND 1" WILL = 1 IF ACTIVE CRT IS TEXT MODE WIDTH 80.
|
||
|
"PEEK (1125) AND 2" WILL = 2 IF ACTIVE CRT IS IN GRAPHICS MODE.
|
||
|
"PEEK (1125) AND 4" WILL = 4 IF ACTIVE CRT HAS COLOR DISABLED.
|
||
|
"PEEK (1125) AND 8" WILL = 8 IF ACTIVE CRT HAS NOT BEEN BLANKED.
|
||
|
"PEEK (1125) AND 16" WILL = 16 IF ACTIVE CRT IS IN HIGH RES. GRAPHICS.
|
||
|
"PEEK (1125) AND 32" WILL = 32 IF ACTIVE CRT BLINKING IS ENABLED.
|
||
|
|
||
|
1247 | "PEEK (1247)" REFLECTS NUMBER OF FILES SPECIFIED BY BASIC(A)/F
|
||
|
COMMAND LINE PARAMETER.
|
||
|
|
||
|
1248-49 | "PEEK (1248)+256*PEEK(1249)" POINTS TO FILE CONTROL BLOCKS.
|
||
|
|
||
|
1264 | "CHR$(64 + PEEK(1264)) POINTS TO DRIVE LAST ACCESSED BY BASIC(A)
|
||
|
1265 | "A$="":FOR I = 1 TO 10 :A$ = CHR$(PEEK(1265+I)):NEXT I"
|
||
|
POINTS TO FILE MOST RECENTLY ACCESSED BY BASIC(A).
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1295 | "POKE 1295,2:SYSTEM" WILL LEAVE THE BASIC(A) FLAG SET TO INDICATE A
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SHELL TO DOS HAS OCCURRED AND PREVENT ACCESS TO BASIC(A) AGAIN.
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1296-97 | BASIC(A) DATA SEGMENT NUMBER MAY BE FOUND. "PEEK(1296) + 256 * PEEK(1297)"
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1339-40 | "PEEK (1339) + 256 * PEEK (1340)"POINTS TO Y COORDINATE LAST USED.
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1341-42 | "PEEK (1341)+256*PEEK (1342)"POINTS TO X COORDINATE LAST USED.
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1619 TO | STRINGS OF 15 CHARACTERS SEPARATED BY A NULL CHARACTER ARE STORED
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1772 HERE TO DEFINE THE VALUE OF THE SOFTKEYS. (FUNCTION KEYS 1 THRU 10).
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1782 | "PEEK (1782) AND 3" PROVIDES THE CURRENT COLOR FOR DRAW STAT.
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| "POKE 1782, 85 * c" WILL CHANGE DRAW COLOR TO c.
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1794-95 | "PEEK (1794) + 256 * PEEK (1795)" PROVIDES PROGRAM SEGMENT PREFIX.
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## REFERENCE
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## See Also
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* [PEEK](PEEK), [POKE](POKE)
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* [INP](INP), [OUT](OUT)
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* [Screen Memory](Screen-Memory)
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