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113 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
113 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
**RANDOMIZE** is used with a seed value to generate different random number sequences using the [RND](RND) function.
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## Syntax
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> **RANDOMIZE** [USING] **{*seednumber*|TIMER}**
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* The *seed number* can be ANY positive or negative numerical type value. The [TIMER](TIMER) value is often used to change [RND](RND) output each run.
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* If the *seed number* is omitted, the program will display: **Random-number seed (-32768 to 32767)?** request on screen.
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* **USING** resets a *seed number* sequence to the start of the sequence as if the program just started using that seed in **QB64 only**.
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* **Note:** The RANDOMIZE USING *seed number* MUST be designated or a Name already in use status error will occur!
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* If the same initial seed number is used, the sequence of random numbers returned will be identical every program run.
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* The fact that random numbers would always be the same has been used for simple data encryption and decryption.
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* Using a [TIMER](TIMER) starting value ensures that the initial return sequence values are different almost every time the program is run!
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* [RUN](RUN) should reset the [RANDOMIZE](RANDOMIZE) sequence to the starting [RND](RND) function value.(Not yet in QB64)
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## Example(s)
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Using RANDOMIZE **TIMER** to set a different starting sequence of [RND](RND) numbers every run.
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```vb
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RANDOMIZE TIMER
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DO
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randnum% = INT(RND * 11) + 2 'add one to multiplier as INT rounds down and never equals 10
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PRINT randnum%
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K$ = INPUT$(1)
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LOOP UNTIL UCASE$(K$) = "Q" 'q = quit
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END
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```
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> *Explanation:* Procedure generates random integer values from 2 to 12 like a pair of dice.
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Repeating a random number sequence with RANDOMIZE **USING** and a specific seed value in **QB64** only.
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```vb
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seed = 10
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RANDOMIZE seed
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Print7
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RANDOMIZE seed
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Print7
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PRINT "Press a key to start sequence over!"
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K$ = INPUT$(1)
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RANDOMIZE **USING** seed
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Print7
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SUB Print7
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FOR r = 1 TO 7
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PRINT RND;
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NEXT
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PRINT: PRINT
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END SUB
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```
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> *Explanation:* The second RANDOMIZE statement just continues the sequence where USING in the third restarts the sequence.
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Random fireworks explosions:
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```vb
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RANDOMIZE TIMER
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DEFINT A-Z
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TYPE ftype
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vx AS SINGLE
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vy AS SINGLE
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END TYPE
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DIM frag(500) AS ftype 'fragments
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DIM pi AS SINGLE
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pi = 3.141593
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DIM x AS SINGLE, y AS SINGLE
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DIM t AS SINGLE, g AS SINGLE, p AS SINGLE
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t = 0
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g = 0.4 'gravity
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p = 15 'explosion power
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sw = 800
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sh = 600
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SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(sw, sh, 32)
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DO
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FOR i = 0 TO UBOUND(frag)
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frag(i).vx = RND * COS(2 * pi * RND)
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frag(i).vy = RND * SIN(2 * pi * RND)
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NEXT
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x = sw * RND
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y = sh * RND
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FOR t = 0 TO 25 STEP 0.1
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LINE (0, 0)-(sw, sh), _RGB(0, 0, 0), BF
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FOR i = 0 TO UBOUND(frag)
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PSET (x + t * p * frag(i).vx, y + t * p * frag(i).vy + g * t * t), _RGB(255, 255, 0)
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NEXT
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_DISPLAY
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_LIMIT 150
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IF _KEYHIT = -27 THEN EXIT DO
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NEXT
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LOOP
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SYSTEM
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```
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## See Also
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* [RND](RND), [INT](INT), [CINT](CINT)
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* [TIMER](TIMER)
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