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78 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
78 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
[INTEGER](INTEGER) is a 2-byte number type definition that can hold whole numerical values.
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## Syntax
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> [DIM](DIM) *variable* AS [INTEGER](INTEGER)
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* Integers do not use decimal point values but will round those off to the nearest even whole number.
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* QBasic integer values can range from -32768 to 32767 without an "overflow" error.
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* For larger integer values use the [LONG](LONG) integer type.
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* **QB64** [INTEGER](INTEGER) values greater than 32767 become negative signed values instead of throwing an "overflow" error, as the top bit designates a negative value. See example 1 below.
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* **QB64** [_UNSIGNED](_UNSIGNED) integers can range from 0 to 65535.
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* **QB64** _UNSIGNED [_INTEGER64](_INTEGER64) values range from 0 to 18446744073709551615
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* Many graphic programs require [INTEGER](INTEGER) arrays.
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* Variable type suffix is % or ~% for [_UNSIGNED](_UNSIGNED). Suffix can also be placed after a literal or hexadecimal numerical value.
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* [LONG](LONG) integers use the **&** suffix and [_INTEGER64](_INTEGER64) use the **&&** suffix.
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* Values can be converted to 2 byte [ASCII](ASCII) string values using [MKI$](MKI$) and back with [CVI](CVI).
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* **When a variable has not been defined or has no type suffix, the value defaults to [SINGLE](SINGLE).**
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* **Warning: QBasic keyword names cannot be used as numerical variable names with or without the type suffix.**
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## Example(s)
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QBasic signed integers were limited from -32768 to 32767, but could not exceed 32767 or it would error:
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```vb
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DO: _LIMIT 2000
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i% = i% + 1
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PRINT i%
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LOOP UNTIL i% = 0
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```
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> *Explanation:* In **QB64** the count will go to 32767, then count up from -32768 to 0 before repeating the process without error.
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When a signed **QB64** INTEGER value exceeds 32767, the value may become a negative value:
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```vb
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i% = 38000
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PRINT i%
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```
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```text
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-27536
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```
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> *Explanation:* Use an [_UNSIGNED](_UNSIGNED) INTEGER or a ~% variable type suffix for only positive integer values up to 65535.
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In **QB64** [_UNSIGNED](_UNSIGNED) INTEGER values greater than 65535 cycle over again from zero:
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```vb
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i~% = 70000
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PRINT i~%
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```
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```text
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4464
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```
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> *Explanation:* In QB64 an unsigned integer value of 65536 would be 0 with values increasing by the value minus 65536.
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## See Also
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* [DIM](DIM), [DEFINT](DEFINT)
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* [LONG](LONG), [_INTEGER64](_INTEGER64)
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* [LEN](LEN), [MKI$](MKI$), [CVI](CVI)
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* [_DEFINE](_DEFINE), [_UNSIGNED](_UNSIGNED)
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* [Variable Types](Variable-Types)
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* [&B](&B) (binary), [&O](&O) (octal), [&H](&H) (hexadecimal)
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* [\](\), [MOD](MOD) (Integer remainder division)
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